Pesticide residues in orange fruit from citrus orchards in Nuevo Leon State, Mexico

Abstract

Some international organisations established maximum residue limits (MRLs) in food to protect human health. Mexico lacks regulations in this matter, affecting national and international trade from agroindustry. The aim of this study was to diagnose pesticide residues in oranges from Nuevo Leon, México, in citrus orchards. In May 2014, 100 orange fruit samples were taken randomly from orchards and subjected to analysis for 93 pesticides at residual level by GC/QQQ-MS and LCQ-TOF-MS. Results showed the presence of 15 pesticide residues in the samples. The comparison of the residual levels of pesticides found in orange samples among the MRLs allowed by USA, EU and Japanese regulations demonstrated that all samples were below MRLs issued by USA and Japan. Some orange samples were above MRLs issued by the EU. This provides a basis to establish strategies in order to satisfy International Standards to protect human health and encourage Food Safety in Mexico.

Dissipation of Pre-Harvest Pesticides on ‘Clementine’ Mandarins after Open Field Application, and Their Persistence When Stored under Conventional Postharvest Conditions

“…Temperature, moisture, rain, sunlight, and biota are the main parameters responsible for pesticide dissipation and they change from one region to another [11]. Many studies have reported the presence of imidacloprid [13,14], pyraclostrobin [15], and difenoconazole in oranges [16]. It is clearly established that the dissipation behavior of these compounds under field conditions depends on diverse factors, including plant species, chemical formulation, application method, weather conditions, and crop growth characteristics [17][18][19].…”

Determination, Quality, and Health Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Kumquat in China

“…For instance, Mac Loughlin et al found that in the 135 samples of fruits and vegetables in Argentina markets, the largest residual pesticide content was detected in oranges—30% of the tested oranges exceeded MRLs [ 19 ]. In 11% of the tested orange samples in Mexico, the concentrations of methyl chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methidathion were all over the MRLs of the European Union [ 32 ].…”

Pesticide residues in fresh fruits imported into the United Arab Emirates

“…As with the current study, pesticide residues in 30% of the orange samples in the Argentine domestic market were found to be > MRL ( Mac Loughlin et al., 2018 ). Suárez-Jacobo et al. (2017) found that a total of 11% orange samples in Mexico exceeded the EU MRL including dimethoate (1%), malathion (5%), chlorpyrifos-ethyl (1%), and methidathion (4%).…”