Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latina Farmworkers and Nonfarmworkers in North Carolina

Arcury, Thomas A.; Laurienti, Paul J.; Talton, Jennifer W.; Chen, Haiying; Howard, Timothy D.; Barr, Dana Boyd; Mora, Dana C.; Quandt, Sara A.

doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001189

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…However, in another occupational cohort, Latina female farmworkers and non-farmworkers had urinary concentrations of 3-PBA that were similar to their male counterparts. 34 Second, most of our participants were infantry soldiers with relatively low % body fat (with minimal variability), a factor that have been positively associated with permethrin biomarker concentrations in other studies 8,17 but not in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Biomonitoring studies of male and female farmworkers and pest control workers have all found evidence of occupational exposure to permethrin. [33][34][35][36][37] If the work described in these studies was conducted in high-temperature or hot/humid conditions, it is reasonable to assume that based on the present findings, permethrin absorption would also be elevated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Effect of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Permethrin Biomarkers of Exposure in U.S. Soldiers Wearing Permethrin-Treated Uniforms

Maule

Heaton

Cadarette

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Environmental factors, including high temperature and humidity, can influence dermal absorption of chemicals. Soldiers can be dermally exposed to permethrin while wearing permethrin-treated uniforms. This study aimed at examining the effects of high temperature and a combined high temperature and humid environment on permethrin absorption compared with ambient conditions when wearing a permethrin-treated uniform. Twenty-seven male enlisted soldiers wore study-issued permethrin-treated army uniforms for 33 consecutive hours in three different environments: 1) simulated high temperature (35°C, 40% relative humidity [rh]) (n = 10), 2) simulated high temperature and humidity (30°C, 70% rh) (n = 10), and 3) ambient conditions (13°C, 60% rh) (n = 7). Spot urine samples, collected at 21 scheduled time points before, during, and after wearing the study uniforms, were analyzed for permethrin exposure biomarkers (3phenoxybenzoic acid, cis-and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) and creatinine. Biomarker concentrations were 60-90% higher in the heat and combined heat/humidity groups (P < 0.001-0.022) than the ambient group. Also, the average daily permethrin dose, calculated 12 hours after removing the treated uniforms, was significantly higher in the heat (P = 0.01) and the heat/humidity (P = 0.03) groups than the ambient group. There were no significant differences in biomarker concentrations or computed average daily dose between the heat and the heat/ humidity groups. Both hot and combined hot and humid environmental conditions significantly increased permethrin absorption in soldiers wearing permethrin-treated uniforms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Permethrin Biomarkers of Exposure in U.S. Soldiers Wearing Permethrin-Treated Uniforms

Maule

Heaton

Cadarette

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…These barriers to occupational health and safety may result in increased exposure to pesticides; in the US, two studies employing the Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks (SENSOR)-Pesticides program found that acute pesticide poisonings were nearly twice as prevalent in women working in agriculture compared to men [ 23 , 24 ]. Other studies have found higher levels of pesticide exposure among Latina nursery workers compared to controls [ 25 ], and Latina farmworkers were found to have urinary pesticide metabolite levels above those measured in nationally representative samples, although these levels were not higher than Latina non-farmworkers in the same study [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Understanding Challenges to Well-Being among Latina FarmWorkers in Rural Idaho Using in an Interdisciplinary, Mixed-Methods Approach

Curl

Meierotto

Castellano

2020

IJERPH

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The aim of this study was to identify social, cultural and workplace-related risk factors affecting well-being among Latina farmworkers in rural Idaho. We recruited 70 Latina farmworkers from southwestern Idaho in 2019. We employed an inter-disciplinary, mixed-methods approach—including surveys, focus groups, interviews, and pesticide biomonitoring—to characterize multiple domains that influence well-being, including food security and access, housing conditions, social supports, access to medical care, and workplace safety. Six major themes emerged as primary challenges to Latina farmworkers’ well-being. In the public sphere, study participants identified these challenges as long working hours, concerns regarding pesticide exposure, and lack of enforcement of regulatory protections. Participants’ concerns regarding pesticide exposure were underscored by biological sampling results; multiple biomarkers of pesticide exposure were detected in all samples, with the highest concentrations measured in samples collected from women who reported mixing, loading or applying pesticides. Within the private sphere, food security and provisioning, childcare responsibilities, and social isolation were identified as significant challenges to well-being. Gender, ethnicity, and geography emerged as important, intersecting statuses that shaped the life experiences of these agricultural workers. Our findings suggest that gender may play a particularly critical role in the unique challenges facing Latina farmworkers. As a result, the services and regulations needed to support well-being in this population may be highly specific, and almost certainly include attention to work–family dynamics, pesticide exposure, and social connections.

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“…Most research on farmworkers has focused on men and migrant farmworkers. While some studies have focused explicitly on women (Arcury et al 2014; Arcury et al 2018a,2018b; Block 2014; Carney 2015; Golichenko and Sarang 2013; Meierotto and Som Castellano 2019a; Meierotto and Som Castellano 2019b; Quandt et al 2020), most research does not consider the intersection of gender and structural violence. In the discussion below, we provide a space for women to describe, in their own words, ways in which geography, gender, and immigration status intersect at multiple levels to increase isolation.…”

Section: Fod and Structural Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Fear of Deportation: Intersectional Barriers to Well‐Being Among Latina Farmworkers in Southwestern Idaho

Meierotto¹,

Castellano²,

Curl³

2020

Culture Agric Food & Envi

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Latina farmworkers in rural Idaho live with geographic isolation, fear of deportation, gender disparities, and income inequalities. While economic and social challenges have existed for decades, fear and isolation have become more acute during the Trump administration. Utilizing interview, survey, and focus group data, we identify multiple ways in which Latina farmworkers struggle with policy‐exacerbated isolation. We find that experiences of isolation intersect with gender disparities and economic inequalities, and this ultimately affects women’s well‐being.

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Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latina Farmworkers and Nonfarmworkers in North Carolina

Abstract: Participant pesticide exposure increases health risks for them and their children. Research needs to document pesticide exposure, its health effects, and ways to reduce it. Current information justifies policy development to reduce pesticide exposure in all communities.

Cited by 21 publications

References 67 publications

Effect of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Permethrin Biomarkers of Exposure in U.S. Soldiers Wearing Permethrin-Treated Uniforms

Effect of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Permethrin Biomarkers of Exposure in U.S. Soldiers Wearing Permethrin-Treated Uniforms

Understanding Challenges to Well-Being among Latina FarmWorkers in Rural Idaho Using in an Interdisciplinary, Mixed-Methods Approach

Isolation and Fear of Deportation: Intersectional Barriers to Well‐Being Among Latina Farmworkers in Southwestern Idaho

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