Pesticide use and chronic bronchitis among farmers in the agricultural health study

Hoppin, Jane A.; Valcin, Martin; Henneberger, Paul K.; Kullman, Greg; Umbach, David M.; London, Stephanie J.; Alavanja, Michael C.R.; Sandler, Dale P.

doi:10.1002/ajim.20523

Cited by 101 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The AHS cohort has given rise to a series of studies on exposure to specific pesticides and showed that numerous pesticides were significantly associated with allergic asthma [52], wheeze [49,51] and chronic bronchitis [58]. It was also shown that accidental exposure or pesticide poisoning were associated with an increased risk of allergic and nonallergic asthma [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, assessment of exposure is also generally based on self-reports. However, some studies [37,38,44,46,47,58] assessed cumulative lifetime exposure to pesticides, while others asked about specific pesticides used [32,37,64,65] or specific crops [34,56], allowing a more precise definition of exposure. Finally, even for asthma, it is difficult to establish a causal relationship with exposure to pesticides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among 20 908 farmers and/or commercial applicators of pesticides from the AHS cohort (20 400 males and 508 females), 654 (3%) had chronic bronchitis (reported diagnosis of chronic bronchitis established by a doctor after the age of 19 years) [58]. Chronic bronchitis was significantly associated with 11 pesticides, with heptachlor (organochlorine insecticide) presenting the strongest association (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.…”

Section: Chronic Bronchitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational exposure to pesticides and respiratory health

et al. 2015

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This article aims to review the available literature regarding the link between occupational exposure to pesticides and respiratory symptoms or diseases. Identification of epidemiological studies was performed using PubMed. 41 articles were included, 36 regarding agricultural workers and five regarding industry workers.Among the 15 cross-sectional studies focusing on respiratory symptoms and agricultural pesticide exposure, 12 found significant associations with chronic cough, wheeze, dyspnoea, breathlessness or chest tightness. All four studies on asthma found a relationship with occupational exposure, as did all three studies on chronic bronchitis. The four studies that performed spirometry reported impaired respiratory function linked to pesticide exposure, suggestive of either obstructive or restrictive syndrome according to the chemical class of pesticide.12 papers reported results from cohort studies. Three out of nine found a significant relationship with increased risk of wheeze, five out of nine with asthma and three out of three with chronic bronchitis. In workers employed in pesticide production, elevated risks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (two studies out of three) and impaired respiratory function suggestive of an obstructive syndrome (two studies out of two) were reported.In conclusion, this article suggests that occupational exposure to pesticides is associated with an increased risk of respiratory symptoms, asthma and chronic bronchitis, but the causal relationship is still under debate. @ERSpublications A review of occupational (agricultural and industry) exposure to pesticides and associated respiratory health effects http:///ow.ly/M09Gc

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronic Bronchitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational exposure to pesticides and respiratory health

et al. 2015

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“…Although agricultural workers show no symptoms of cholinergic toxicity, they are clearly absorbing OPs, as their blood AChE and butyrylcholinesterase activity were diminished (10,11). In these workers, OP exposure correlated with an increase in cough (11), wheeze (11,12), and bronchitis (13), and a decrease in lung function (10,11).…”

Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Sensitization on Mechanisms of Organophosphorus Pesticide–Induced Airway Hyperreactivity

Proskocil

Bruun

Garg

et al. 2015

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol

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We previously demonstrated that antigen sensitization increases vulnerability to airway hyperreactivity induced by the organophosphorus pesticide (OP) parathion. Sensitization also changes the mechanism of parathion-induced airway hyperreactivity to one that is dependent on IL-5. To determine whether this effect can be generalized to other OPs, and to other classes of pesticides, we measured airway responsiveness to vagal stimulation or intravenous acetylcholine in nonsensitized and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs 24 hours after a single subcutaneous injection of the OPs diazinon or chlorpyrifos, or the pyrethroid permethrin. Sensitization exacerbated the effects of chlorpyrifos on bronchoconstriction in response to vagal stimulation or intravenous acetylcholine. Pretreatment with function-blocking IL-5 antibody prevented chlorpyrifos-induced airway hyperreactivity in sensitized, but not in nonsensitized, guinea pigs. In sensitized guinea pigs, blocking IL-5 decreased eosinophil activation, as measured by decreased eosinophil major basic protein in the trachea. In contrast, sensitization did not alter diazinon-induced airway hyperreactivity, and permethrin did not cause airway hyperreactivity in either nonsensitized or sensitized guinea pigs. None of the pesticides affected inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or blood. We have previously shown that three different OPs cause airway hyperreactivity via loss of neuronal M2 muscarinic receptor function. Similar to parathion, but unlike diazinon, the mechanism of chlorpyrifos-induced airway hyperreactivity is changed by sensitization. Thus, OP-induced airway hyperreactivity is dependent on sensitization status and on the OP used, which may influence therapeutic approaches.Keywords: airway hyperreactivity; eosinophils; organophosphorus pesticides; permethrin; sensitization Clinical RelevanceA low subcutaneous dose of an organophosphorus pesticide (OP) causes airway hyperreactivity that is dependent on the specific OP and on atopic phenotype. Understanding the mechanism(s) of OP toxicity in different populations will be critical to predicting the physiological response to OP exposure and to designing better therapeutic interventions.The canonical mechanism of acute neurotoxicity after organophosphorus pesticide (OP) exposure is the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is the enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (ACh). ACh plays an integral role in controlling respiration via both the central (1) and peripheral nervous systems. OP poisoning can cause respiratory failure through central cholinergic disruption and acute bronchoconstriction and mucus

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“…These include organic dusts and other respiratory hazards that include inorganic dusts, pesticides and agrochemicals [9]. Farmers and individuals involved in agricultural work have potential exposure to a very wide range of agents-inorganic dusts from soil, organic dusts from microorganisms, mycotoxins, allergens, pesticides, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disorders among rice mill workers in India

Ghosh¹,

Gangopadhyay

Das

2014

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objectives Lung function tests have become an integral part of assessment of pulmonary disease. Diseases of the respiratory system induced by occupational dusts are influenced by the duration of exposure. The aim of the study is to investigate the impairment of lung function and prevalence of respiratory symptoms among the rice mill workers. Methods A total of 120 rice mill workers from three districts of Karnataka were included in this study. Fifty urban dwellers from the same socio-economic level were selected as controls. The study included clinical examination, assessment of respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function test, measurement of peak expiratory flow rate, absolute eosinophil count, ESR estimation, total IgE estimation and radiographic test. Results The present study has shown that the rice mill workers complained of several types of respiratory disorders like phlegm (40.8 %), dyspnea (44.2 %), chest tightness (26.7 %), cough (21.7 %), and nose irritation (27.5 %). Rice mill workers exposed to dust presented significantly (p \ 0.05) lower levels of FVC (3.44 ± 0.11), FEV 1 (2.73 ± 0.15) and PEFR (304.95 ± 28.79) than the controls. The rice mill workers are having significantly higher absolute eosinophil counts, total IgE and ESR than control groups. The hematological findings suggest that the harmful effects may be linked to both non-specific irritation and allergic responses to rice husk dust among rice mill workers. Conclusion Dust exposure in the working environment affects the lung function values and increased the respiratory symptoms among the rice mill workers.

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Pesticide use and chronic bronchitis among farmers in the agricultural health study

Abstract: Background-Farmers have increased risk for chronic bronchitis. Few investigators have considered pesticides.

Cited by 101 publications

References 43 publications

Occupational exposure to pesticides and respiratory health

Occupational exposure to pesticides and respiratory health

The Influence of Sensitization on Mechanisms of Organophosphorus Pesticide–Induced Airway Hyperreactivity

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disorders among rice mill workers in India

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