Pesticide use in banana plantations in Costa Rica – A review of environmental and human exposure, effects and potential risks

Pesticide exposure, birth size, and gestational age in the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica

“…10 Most studies have studied the effects of organophosphate insecticide (OP) exposure, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] but results have not been consistent across cohorts, 10,21,22 and few addressed effects of non-OP pesticides 15,[23][24][25][26][27] The infant's environmental health (ISA, for its acronym in Spanish) birth cohort 28 is situated in a rural area in Costa Rica with extensive banana production for export to Europe and the United States of America, in which pesticides are intensively applied year-round. 29 This use has included the application of chlorpyrifos-treated bags and aerial spraying of the fungicides mancozeb and pyrimethanil (Table S1; http://links.lww.com/EE/ A260). 11,30,31 Furthermore, the herbicide 2,4-D is used on pastures and, sometimes, soccer fields, and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides are used for vector control in the home environment.…”

Chemical, antioxidant, and antifungal analysis of oregano and thyme essential oils from Ecuador: Effect of thyme against Lasiodiplodia theobromae and its application in banana rot

“…However, the industry is forced to use them to protect crop production at all stages, since several microorganisms can cause total or partial loss of the crop. This is the case with bananas, which can suffer from anthracnose, fusarium, black sigatoka, or Diplodia rot, among others [ 3 , 6 , 7 ]. The main causal agent is the multi-infectious fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae [ 8 ], which is also one of the pathogens responsible for causing brown rot in the rind of several tropical fruits [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Critical Secondary Metabolites Confer the Broad-Spectrum Pathogenic Fungi Resistance Property of a Marine-Originating Streptomyces sp. HNBCa1

“…Cubense (FOC), also known as Panama disease, is a devastating disease that could result in a substantial loss in the banana industry. , In other crops, such as papaya, date palm, rubber, cowpea, cucumber, pepper, rice, and cotton, diseases caused by fungal pathogens resulted in strong penalties for their yield and product quality. Synthetic fungicides are now the effective means to control these pathogenic fungi diseases, which may lead to an increase in pathogen resistance, a decreased diversity of nontarget microorganisms in the field environment, and severe undesirable effects on the environment and human health. , Therefore, a safe and environmentally friendly alternative method should be explored and applied to control crop pathogen diseases. Based on previous documents, the biocontrol strategy using crop pathogen antagonists is a promising alternative. , Finding a microorganism strain with broad-spectrum resistance properties and highly efficient antifungal activity is pivotal to the biocontrol strategy.…”

“…Synthetic fungicides are now the effective means to control these pathogenic fungi diseases, which may lead to an increase in pathogen resistance, a decreased diversity of nontarget microorganisms in the field environment, and severe undesirable effects on the environment and human health. 8,9 Therefore, a safe and environmentally friendly alternative method should be explored and applied to control crop pathogen diseases. Based on previous documents, the biocontrol strategy using crop pathogen antagonists is a promising alternative.…”