Pesticide use in ornamental production: what are the benefits?

Bethke, James A.; Cloyd, Raymond A.

doi:10.1002/ps.1695

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Agricultural irrigation is a major water consumer, responsible for about 70% of worldwide consumptive use [1] and about 30 percent of total withdrawals in the US [2]. Nursery production is an intensive form of agriculture that uses relatively large amounts of water, nutrients, and pesticides [3][4][5]. A typical container nursery in the USA consumes over 180 m 3 water per hectare per day during the growing season [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Substrate Available Water and Coir Amendment Rate in Pine Bark Substrates

Jahromi

Fulcher

Walker

et al. 2020

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water resources can be used more efficiently by including sustainable substrate components like coir that increase water-holding capacity. The first objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of coir amendment rate on plant available water and plant gas exchange, with the goal of optimizing substrate available water and determining the optimum coir amendment rate in a greenhouse environment. The second objective was to establish the optimum method of determining plant available water using either plant gas exchange parameters or substrate physical properties. Greenhouse experiments were conducted with Hydrangea paniculata ‘Jane’ (Little Lime® hardy hydrangea) potted with one of five different coir rates (0%, 10%, 25%, 40% and 65%) mixed with pine bark on a volume basis. Plant gas exchange parameters and substrate water content were measured daily over a range of increasingly drier substrate moisture contents. Actual photosynthetic rates increased with increasing coir amendment rate and were highest with 65% coir amendment. Amending pine bark with coir increased the water storage capacity, plant available water, and plant gas exchange parameters. Results suggest that 65% coir amendment rate was the optimum amendment rate among those tested in a greenhouse environment and plant photosynthetic rate was the better method of determining plant available water.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Substrate Available Water and Coir Amendment Rate in Pine Bark Substrates

Jahromi

Fulcher

Walker

et al. 2020

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Insecticides are an important component of pest management for urban lawns, landscapes, gardens, and nursery crops . Broad‐spectrum insecticides, however, can pose a hazard to natural enemies of pests, and to bees, butterflies, and other pollinators that already face threats from parasites and pathogens, loss of food resources and nesting habitat, intensified land use, and other factors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengths and limitations of Bacillus thuringiensis galleriae for managing Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) adults and grubs with caveats for cross‐order activity to monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) larvae

Redmond

Wallis

Geis

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Target-selective biopesticides are needed to facilitate integrated pest and pollinator management in urban landscapes and gardens. Bacillus thuringiensis galleriae, strain SDS-502 (Btg), recently registered in the USA and Canada, produces Cry8Da protein active against scarab beetles. We evaluated Btg formulations for managing the Japanese beetle [Popillia japonica Newman (JB)], a polyphagous invasive pest, including residual spray effectiveness for reducing adult feeding on Rosa and Tilia spp., and granular formulations for early-or late-curative control of root-feeding grubs in turfgrass. We also tested for cross-order activity to monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) larvae and other non-target insects. RESULTS: Field-weathered Btg residues reduced JB feeding on foliage for 3-14 days. Most beetles were still flight-capable after 24 h confinement with Btg-treated leaves. Granular Btg failed to control early-or late-instar JB grubs in soils under several turfgrass species at multiple field sites. In three trials, feeding on Btg-sprayed milkweed resulted in 97-100% mortality of early instar monarchs, with symptoms of B. thuringiensis pathogenesis. Fall armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) fed Btg-treated grass had reduced body mass, but there were no adverse effects on lady beetle larvae preying on Btg-sprayed aphids or on the aphids themselves. CONCLUSION: This study supports efficacy of Btg strain SDS-502 for reducing defoliation by adult JB in urban landscape settings. Granular formulations, however, failed to control JB grubs in turfgrass soils. Btg should not be used in gardens with larval host plants of the monarch butterfly or other non-pest Lepidoptera, especially species of conservation concern.

show abstract

“…Flower production generally involves frequent use of a wide range of pesticides to control diseases and pests in an effort to reduce or eliminate yield losses and maintain high product quality [1,2]. A great majority of producers consider the use of pesticides as necessary to achieve their production targets and the only way to be able to market large quantities of floral products with an acceptable quality and relatively modest price.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of Florists Exposed to Pesticide Residues through Handling of Flowers and Preparing Bouquets

Toumi

Joly

Vleminckx

et al. 2017

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flowers are frequently treated with pesticides and, as a result, florists handling daily a large number of flowers can be exposed to pesticide residues. A study was conducted among twenty volunteer florists located in Namur Province and in the Brussels Capital Region of Belgium in order to assess their potential dermal exposure to dislodgeable pesticide residues transferred from flowers to hands. Two pairs of cotton gloves were worn during two consecutive half days while handling flowers and preparing bouquets (from min 2 h to max 3 h/day). The residual pesticide deposits on the glove samples were extracted with a multi-residue Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe (QuEChERS) method and analyzed by a combination of gas and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS) by an accredited laboratory. A total of 111 active substances (mainly insecticides and fungicides) were detected, with an average of 37 active substances per sample and a total concentration per glove sample of 22.22 mg/kg. Several predictive levels of contamination were considered to assess the risk. The potential dermal exposures (PDE) of florists were estimated at the average, for different percentiles, and at the maximum concentration of residues in samples. At the PDE P90 and at the PDEMAX (or worst case) values, three and five active substances respectively exceed the Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (AOEL), indicating risk situations. For the systemic exposure (SE), one active substance (clofentezine) exceeds the AOEL at the P90 predictive level. In the worst case, SEMAX (at the maximum concentrations), four active substances (clofentezine, famoxadone, methiocarb, and pyridaben) exceed their respective AOEL values. Among the 14 most frequently detected active substances, two have SEMAX values exceeding the AOEL. Exposure could be particularly critical for clofentezine with an SEMAX value four times higher than the AOEL (393%). The exposure of florists appeared to be an example of a unique professional situation in which workers are exposed regularly to both a very high number of toxic chemicals and rather high concentration levels. Therefore the priority should be to raise the level of awareness among the florists who must change their habits and practices if they want to minimize their exposure.

show abstract

Pesticide use in ornamental production: what are the benefits?

Cited by 34 publications

References 45 publications

Optimizing Substrate Available Water and Coir Amendment Rate in Pine Bark Substrates

Optimizing Substrate Available Water and Coir Amendment Rate in Pine Bark Substrates

Strengths and limitations of Bacillus thuringiensis galleriae for managing Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) adults and grubs with caveats for cross‐order activity to monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) larvae

Risk Assessment of Florists Exposed to Pesticide Residues through Handling of Flowers and Preparing Bouquets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About