Pesticides and tremor: An overview of association, mechanisms and confounders

Dardiotis, Efthimios; Skouras, Panagiotis; Varvarelis, Orfeas-Petros; Aloizou, Athina‐Maria; Hernández, Antonio F.; Liampas, Ioannis; Rikos, Dimitrios; Dastamani, Metaxia; Golokhvast, Kirill S.; Bogdanos, Dimitrios P.; Tsatsakis, Aristidis; Siokas, Vasileios; Mitsias, Panayiotis; Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115442

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…The term “pesticides” refers to a class of chemicals that are used to both protect crops from pests (such as insects, rodents, fungi, and weeds) and boost crop production. Hence, pesticides can be categorized as insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides, and many more, depending on the species they are meant to kill [ 80 , 81 , 82 ]. China, the United States of America, Argentina, India, Japan, Canada, Brazil, France, Italy, and Thailand are the top pesticide consumers, using an average of 2 million tons of pesticides annually [ 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Types Of Analytes Extractedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Subcritical Water Extraction of Organic Pollutants from Environmental Matrices

Yabalak,

Aminzai,

Gizir

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Most organic pollutants are serious environmental concerns globally due to their resistance to biological, chemical, and photolytic degradation. The vast array of uses of organic compounds in daily life causes a massive annual release of these substances into the air, water, and soil. Typical examples of these substances include pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Since they are persistent and hazardous in the environment, as well as bio-accumulative, sensitive and efficient extraction and detection techniques are required to estimate the level of pollution and assess the ecological consequences. A wide variety of extraction methods, including pressurized liquid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and subcritical water extraction, have been recently used for the extraction of organic pollutants from the environment. However, subcritical water has proven to be the most effective approach for the extraction of a wide range of organic pollutants from the environment. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the subcritical water extraction technique and its application to the extraction of PAHs, PCBs, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and others form environmental matrices. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the influence of key extraction parameters, such as extraction time, pressure, and temperature, on extraction efficiency and recovery.

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Section: Types Of Analytes Extractedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Subcritical Water Extraction of Organic Pollutants from Environmental Matrices

Yabalak,

Aminzai,

Gizir

et al. 2024

Molecules

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“…In the recent and past literature, exposure to agriculture agents like pesticides has also been associated with neurodegenerative diseases [31,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease are the most common neurodegenerative disorders, that has been related with exposure to pesticide with an increase of risk by at least 50% [42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease are the most common neurodegenerative disorders, that has been related with exposure to pesticide with an increase of risk by at least 50% [42][43][44]. More recent studies involved other health effects such as epilepsy [38], tremor [39] and neurobehavioral, neuromotor, and neurocognitive effects [40]. Not all studies agreed on the association between agricultural work and increased risk of brain disease [35,45,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality from nervous system diseases and cancer in agriculture workers: a case-control study in Italy

Gariazzo,

Marinaccio,

Consonni

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Population working or living in agriculture settings may experience important exposure to pesticides and other agents. Some health effects associated with them are well known (e.g. skin cancer due to solar radiation) while for others (e.g., neurological diseases and lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue cancers) additional epidemiological evidence is needed. We aim to investigate mortality for neurological diseases and cancer in workers employed in agriculture in Italy. Methods We performed a case-control study based on countrywide Italian mortality data 2005–2018 linked with National Social Insurance data to retrieve information on working histories. Adjusted cancer specific mortality odds ratios (MOR) were calculated. We modelled occupational exposure as “ever/never been employed” in agriculture, using the service sectors as reference. Analysis was stratified for gender and length of employment. Results About 64,000 workers employed in agriculture were analyzed in comparison with a control group of 107,000 workers of the service sector. We found elevated risk in agriculture workers for mortality from spinal muscular atrophy (MOR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03–1.56; 261 deaths) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) (MOR 1.16, 95% CI:1.00-1.34; 742 deaths). As for cancer mortality, positive associations were found for non-follicular lymphoma (NFL) (MOR 1.59, 95% CI: 1.03–2.46; 82 deaths), multiple myeloma (MM) (MOR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22–1.65; 546 deaths) and myeloid leukemia (ML) (MOR 1.36, 95% CI:1.16–1.60; 474 deaths), as well as for stomach (MOR 1.30, 95% CI:1.20–1.41; 1,732 deaths), prostate (MOR 2.03, 95% CI:1.85–2.24, 1,582 deaths), and brain and central nervous system cancer (MOR 1.30, 95% CI:1.13–1.50, 601 deaths). PD, NFL and ML, as well as cancers of skin, connective and soft tissue, prostate and brain were found to involve mainly men. Conclusions Long-term employment in agriculture was demonstrated associated with several health risks, some of which could be explained by exposure to pesticides. Although the use of the different agronomic categories of pesticides has been changed over time and some active ingredients were prohibited or limited, their health effects remain of concern for their large use, demanding for further focused investigations and preventive measures.

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Effect of microalgae-based ZnO nanoparticles coating on postharvest quality of organically grown blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit

Ouzakar,

Skali Senhaji,

Bouziane

et al. 2024

Food Bioscience

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Pesticides and tremor: An overview of association, mechanisms and confounders

Cited by 5 publications

References 162 publications

A Review: Subcritical Water Extraction of Organic Pollutants from Environmental Matrices

A Review: Subcritical Water Extraction of Organic Pollutants from Environmental Matrices

Mortality from nervous system diseases and cancer in agriculture workers: a case-control study in Italy

Effect of microalgae-based ZnO nanoparticles coating on postharvest quality of organically grown blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit

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