Pesticides Residues, Enzymatic Estimation of Dimethyl 2,2-Dichlorovinyl Phosphate Spray Residues

The metabolism and residues of 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate-P32 (DDVP or Vapona) were examined with rats, cows, and a goat. Studies with rats also utilized carbon14 labeled DDVP, dichloroacetaldehyde, and dichloroethanol, and phosphorus32-labeled O-methyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate and , -dimethyl phosphate. In addition, several rats and a single cow were treated orally with 1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl dimethyl phosphate-P32 (Dibrom). These insecticides are rapidly hydrolyzed in mammals to yield no persisting tissue residues and only trace levels in milk. The initial phosphoruscontaining metabolites of DDVP, , -dimethyl phosphate and O-methyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate, are low in toxicity and rapidly excreted or further degraded. The 1 -carbon of the 2,2-dichlorovinyl group in DDVP is excreted in urine predominantly as a conjugate of dichloroethanol, probably the glucuronide, in the feces as unknown derivatives, and in the expired air as carbon dioxide. Small amounts of dichloroacetic acid may be formed, and some of the C14 persists in liver, blood, and other tissues in an unidentified form. Limited metabolism studies of DDVP in plants and of DDVP and Dibrom in bovine rumen fluid are also reported.

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“…These findings on the instability of DDVP applied to or absorbed by plants are in agreement with earlier reports (2,6).…”

Section: Agricultural and Food Chemistrysupporting

confidence: 94%

Insecticide Metabolism, Metabolism of 2,2-Dichlorovinyl Dimethyl Phosphate in Relation to Residues in Milk and Mammalian Tissues

Casida¹,

McBride²,

Niedermeier³

1962

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Other commonly used analytical methods are enzymatic determinations based on the inhibition of ChE activity by DDVP (GIANG et al 1956). Quantitative enzymatic methods, such as those employed by Shell (ANO-NYMOUS 1965), ZAVON and KINDELL (1966), CAVAGNA et al FECHNER et al (1969) are probably more relevant for evaluating exposure than colorimetric methods.…”

Section: B) Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residue Reviews

1972

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“…CiH,0 188,225,250,330,336,370,419,420), that their toxic action is the result of progressive inhibition of cholinesterase in mammals and in insects, where this system is physiologically important. Their mode of action, however, may also involve various other esterase enzymes, as shown in studies with houseflies, where different esterases compete for added DDVP (59).…”

Section: Chimentioning

confidence: 99%