PET co-registered with MRI imaging of anti-NMDAR encephalitis patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Fusco, A. Mestre; Mármol, B. Beltrán; Bravo, Gary Álvarez; Sureda, N. Ferrán; Busó, M. Negre; Rodríguez, A. Rubió

doi:10.1016/j.remnie.2021.09.004

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In all, 10 studies included 10 patients diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, ranging in age from 1 to 53 years (with an average of 24.2 years) ( 20 – 23 , 28 , 32 , 33 , 43 , 47 , 54 ). The neurological manifestations of these patients mainly included seizures, persecutory delusions, hallucinations, and abnormal behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoimmune encephalitis in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review of case reports and case series

Xue,

Zeng,

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundThere is mounting evidence suggesting that autoimmune encephalitis (AE) can be observed as a neurological complication in patients with COVID-19. This review aimed to summarize the clinical manifestations, types, and outcomes of COVID-19-associated AE.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify case reports and case series related to COVID-19-associated AE from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2023. After a thorough screening and evaluation, irrelevant articles were excluded. Relevant information concerning types, clinical manifestations, and outcomes was extracted and synthesized.ResultsA total of 37 studies, comprising 34 case reports and 3 case series, were included in this review. Among the 42 COVID-19-associated AE patients, 21 (50%) cases were classified as an unknown antibodies (Ab) type of COVID-19-associated AE, 10 (23.80%) cases as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) encephalitis, 4 (9.5%) cases as limbic encephalitis, and 3 (7.1%) cases as anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein encephalitis, along with other rare types of AE. Disturbance of consciousness, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms were identified as the main clinical manifestations of COVID-19-associated AE. While the symptoms of AE displayed variation, most patients achieved full recovery although a few experienced residual symptoms of neurological damage.ConclusionThis systematic review comprehensively describes the characteristics of COVID-19-associated AE. The main type of COVID-19-associated AE identified in this study is an unknown Ab type of COVID-19-associated AE. Despite the potentially life-threatening risks of COVID-19-associated AE, the majority of patients survived, with some patients reporting residual neurological symptoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three cases reported anti-MOG encephalitis, and prominent clinical manifestations were vertigo, non-specific blurry vision, and assaultive behavior. Notably, the magnetic resonance imaging findings of anti-MOG encephalitis were usually diffuse and multifocal (36,38,42).…”

Section: Types Of Aementioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune encephalitis in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review of case reports and case series

Xue,

Zeng,

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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“…There were four cases of limbic encephalitis with mainly symptoms performed as generalized seizures and consciousness disturbance. 19,28,37,43 Three cases reported anti-MOG encephalitis and prominent clinical manifestations were vertigo, nonspeci c blurry vision and assaultive behavior. It is noteworthy that the magnetic resonance imaging of anti-MOG encephalitis are usually performed diffuse and multifocal.…”

Section: Type Of Autoimmune Encephalitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune Encephalitis in COVID-19 patients : a systematic review of case reports and case series

Hou¹,

Zeng

He³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Growing evidence demonstrated the occurrence of neurological complications such as ischemic stroke, epilepsy, and autoimmune encephalitis ( AE ) associated with COVID − 19 infection. The purpose of this review was to summarize the clinical symptoms, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19-associated AE. Methods: We searched case reports and case series of AE associated with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2023, using Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. After screening and further evaluation, irrelevant articles were excluded. Information related to treatment, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and outcomes was extracted and summarized. Results: 36 studies were included in this review, 34 of which were case reports and 2 were case series. A total of 39 patients with AE were included, including 18 (46%) cases of unknown type of AE, 10 (26%) cases of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) encephalitis, 4 (10%) cases of limbic encephalitis, 3 (8%) cases of anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) encephalitis, and other type of AE. In addition, the clinical manifestations of AE are mainly disturbance of consciousness, seizure and psychiatric symptoms. Although the symptoms of AE are varied, most patients could recover completely, with a few having residual symptoms of neurological damage. Conclusions: In this systematic review, the characteristics of COVID-19-associated AE are summarized, including neurological manifestations, treatment, types, and outcomes. Although COVID−19-associated AE can sometimes be life-threatening, most AE is reversible if treated promptly.

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PET co-registered with MRI imaging of anti-NMDAR encephalitis patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Autoimmune encephalitis in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review of case reports and case series

Autoimmune encephalitis in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review of case reports and case series

Autoimmune Encephalitis in COVID-19 patients : a systematic review of case reports and case series

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