Pet Imaging and its Application in Cardiovascular Diseases

Li, Zheng; Gupte, Anisha A.; Zhang, Anjun; Hamilton, Dale J.

doi:10.14797/mdcj-13-1-29

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Molecular imaging analysis such as positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), or CT could reach these goals by using molecules capable to bind calcifications or highlight M2 macrophages into the carotid atheroma [38]. In particular, recent studies proposed the use of 18 -NaF PET/CT to detect and quantify microcalcification in early-stage of atheromatic plaque formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paradox Effect of Calcification in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Microcalcification Is Correlated with Plaque Instability

Montanaro

Scimeca

Anemona

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Background: this study aims to investigate the possible association among the histopathologic features of carotid plaque instability, the presence of micro- or macrocalcifications, the expression of in situ inflammatory biomarkers, and the occurrence of the major risk factors in this process in a large series of carotid plaques. Methods: a total of 687 carotid plaques from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were collected. Histological evaluation was performed to classify the calcium deposits in micro or macrocalcifications according to their morphological features (location and size). Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the expression of the main inflammatory biomarkers. Results: results here reported demonstrated that calcifications are very frequent in carotid plaques, with a significant difference between the presence of micro- and macrocalcifications. Specifically, microcalcifications were significantly associated to high inflamed unstable plaques. Paradoxically, macrocalcifications seem to stabilize the plaque and are associated to a M2 macrophage polarization instead. Discussion: the characterization of mechanisms involved in the formation of carotid calcifications can lay the foundation for developing new strategies for the management of patients affected by carotid atherosclerosis. Data of this study could provide key elements for an exhaustive evaluation of carotid plaque calcifications allowing to establish the risk of associated clinical events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paradox Effect of Calcification in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Microcalcification Is Correlated with Plaque Instability

Montanaro

Scimeca

Anemona

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…This enzyme is released in the setting of neutrophil degranulation and proinflammatory M1 macrophages and it is associated with oxidative stress. It may play a key role in the development of liver fibrosis through the activation of HSCs [ 32 ]. Currently, several MRI and SPECT imaging studies to image MPO have already been conducted.…”

Section: Molecular Imaging Of Fibrosis—state-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in the Molecular Imaging of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Wegrzyniak

Rosestedt

Eriksson

2021

IJMS

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Pathological fibrosis of the liver is a landmark feature in chronic liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Diagnosis and assessment of progress or treatment efficacy today requires biopsy of the liver, which is a challenge in, e.g., longitudinal interventional studies. Molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) have the potential to enable minimally invasive assessment of liver fibrosis. This review will summarize and discuss the current status of the development of innovative imaging markers for processes relevant for fibrogenesis in liver, e.g., certain immune cells, activated fibroblasts, and collagen depositions.

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“…Besides CCR2 and MMP, a variety of radiotracers have been developed for macrophages by targeting other chemokine receptors, somatostatin receptors, translocator proteins, and mannose receptors (6,27). Further studies are warranted using these radiotracers to image the subtypes of macrophages, shedding light on their varied roles in the inflammation-fibrosis axis.…”

Section: Molecular Imaging Of Crosstalk Between Immune System and Fibrosis In Cvds Immune Cell Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Latest Advances in Imaging Crosstalk Between the Immune System and Fibrosis in Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2021

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Inflammation and fibrosis are hallmarks of tissue repair processes and organ failure progression in cardiovascular diseases. Paradigm-shifting research on diverse immune cell populations within the cardiovascular system have enabled discovery of new biomarkers fostering development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents at the molecular level to better manage cardiovascular diseases. To date, a variety of molecular imaging agents have been developed to visualize the biomarkers expressed on immune cells and fibroblasts within their crosstalk network, which drives the pathogenesis of fibrosis triggered by both innate and adaptive immunity. Herein, key biomarkers upregulated in the immune-fibrosis axis are discussed. The promising molecular imaging agents to reveal this critical pathologic process are summarized.

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Pet Imaging and its Application in Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

The Paradox Effect of Calcification in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Microcalcification Is Correlated with Plaque Instability

The Paradox Effect of Calcification in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Microcalcification Is Correlated with Plaque Instability

Recent Progress in the Molecular Imaging of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The Latest Advances in Imaging Crosstalk Between the Immune System and Fibrosis in Cardiovascular Disease

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