PET O-15 cerebral blood flow and metabolism after acute stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Temma, Takashi; Kuge, Yuji; Sano, Kohei; Kamihashi, Junko; Obokata, Naoyuki; Kawashima, Hidekazu; Magata, Yasuhiro; Saji, Hideo

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.03.033

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, only 0.2 mL of arterial blood was taken at each measurement, and the total volume of blood withdrawn was 0.5 mL. This volume was much smaller than that reported in previous studies (9,20). The small-volume sampling in this study was considered to have a negligible influence on systemic circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…In previous PET studies, a bolus injection of 15 O-labeled water ( 15 O-H 2 O) was used for quantitative measurement of the CBF; the reported CBF values ranged from 35 to 51 mL/100 g/min (6,8,20). Kobayashi et al reported a steadystate method consisting of a bolus injection followed by injection of 15 O-H 2 O at slowly increasing doses with a multiprogramming syringe pump (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported values of OEF in rats under pentobarbital anesthesia are 54% 6 11% using the kinetic method with injectable 15 O-O 2 and 57% 6 13% using the surgical method based on the arterial-venous difference in oxygen concentration (4,20). Other studies using 15 O-O 2 hemoglobin-containing liposome vesicles reported OEF values in rats under chloral hydrate anesthesia of 61% 6 16% (6) and 56% 6 4% (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured CMRO 2 value under a-chloralose anesthesia was 6.65 6 0.48 mL/100 g/min. Temma et al used an artificial lung to dissolve 15 O-O 2 in the blood and reported a CMRO 2 value of 4.3 6 1.3 mL/100 g/min under pentobarbital anesthesia (20). Another group used hemoglobin-containing liposome vesicles or liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin with 15 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: ¹⁵O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

et al. 2013

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PET with 15 O gas has been used for the quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO 2 ), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral blood volume (CBV) in humans. However, several technical difficulties limit its use in experiments on small animals. Herein, we describe the application of the 15 O gas steady-state inhalation method for normal anesthetized rats. Methods: Eight normal male Sprague-Dawley rats (mean body weight 6 SD, 268 6 14 g) under anesthesia were investigated by 15 O-labeled gas PET. After tracheotomy, an airway tube was placed in the trachea, and the animals were connected to a ventilator (tidal volume, 3 cm 3 ; frequency, 60/min). The CBF and OEF were measured according to the original steady-state inhalation technique under artificial ventilation with 15 O-CO 2 and 15 O-O 2 gases delivered through the radioactive gas stabilizer. CBV was measured by 15 O-CO gas inhalation and corrected for the intravascular hemoglobinbound 15 O-O 2 . Arterial blood sampling was performed during each study to measure the radioactivity of the whole blood and plasma. MR image was performed with the same acrylic animal holder immediately after the PET. Regions of interest were placed on the whole brain of the PET images with reference to the semiautomatically coregistered PET/MR fused images. Results: The data acquisition time for the whole PET experiment in each rat was 73.3 6 5.8 (range, 68-85) min. In both the 15 O-CO 2 and the 15 O-O 2 studies, the radioactivity count of the brain reached a steady state by approximately 10 min after the start of continuous inhalation of the gas. The quantitative PET data of the whole brain were as follows: CBF, 32.3 6 4.5 mL/100 mL/min; CMRO 2 , 3.23 6 0.42 mL/100 mL/min; OEF, 64.6% 6 9.1%; and CBV, 5.05 6 0.45 mL/100 mL. Conclusion: Although further technical improvements may be needed, this study demonstrated the feasibility of quantitative PET measurement of CBF, OEF, and CMRO 2 using the original steady-state inhalation method of 15 O-CO 2 and 15 O-O 2 gases and measurement of CBV using the 15 O-CO gas inhalation method in the brain of normal anesthetized rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: ¹⁵O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

et al. 2013

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“…Consequently, we found that hypertension intensifies metabolic disturbances after the onset of strokes. [90][91][92][93] Thus injectable 15 O-O 2 could be used reliably to estimate oxygen metabolism in an infarction rat model with PET. Furthermore, we developed molecular probes for nuclear medicinal imaging targeting β-secretase in the brain, acetylcholine esterase, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and hepatic organic anion transporter (OATP1B1).…”

Section: Tc or 186/188mentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In Vivo</i> Molecular Imaging

Saji

2017

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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In vivo molecular imaging is the visualization, characterization, and measurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in humans and other living systems. Among the methodologies used in in vivo molecular imaging, two methodologies are of great interest from the view of high sensitivity. One is nuclear medical imaging, and distribution and kinetics of a radiolabeled molecular probe are measured using positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The other is optical molecular imaging, and distribution and kinetics of a fluorescent probe are measured using a fluorescent imaging instrument. In this review, the development of imaging probes for these two methodologies is briefly discussed. In nuclear medical molecular imaging, based on structure-activity-biodistribution relationship studies for small molecule and the concept of "functional unit-binding multifunctional molecular probe" containing 3 functional units (target recognition unit, signal-releasing unit, linker unit) for peptides and proteins, we developed radiolabeled probes with high and specific accumulation to the target for neuroreceptors, β-amyloid plaques, and tau aggregates in the brain, tumors, atherosclerotic plaques, pancreatic β-cell, myocardial sympathetic nerves, and so on. We also discuss the progression of molecular imaging toward therapy (radiotheranotics). In in vivo optical molecular imaging, taking into account the characteristics of optical imaging, we designed tumor-specific optical imaging probes with characteristic imaging mechanism, including near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes and activatable probes. Furthermore, we developed a photoacoustic imaging probe, which enables highly sensitive and high-resolution imaging in deep tissues.

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Applications of Small-Animal Imaging in Neurology and Psychiatry

Casteels

Habib

Laere

2014

Molecular Imaging of Small Animals

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PET O-15 cerebral blood flow and metabolism after acute stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: ¹⁵O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: ¹⁵O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

<i>In Vivo</i> Molecular Imaging

Applications of Small-Animal Imaging in Neurology and Psychiatry

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PET O-15 cerebral blood flow and metabolism after acute stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: 15O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: 15O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

<i>In Vivo</i> Molecular Imaging

Applications of Small-Animal Imaging in Neurology and Psychiatry

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Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: ¹⁵O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion

Quantitative Evaluation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism in Normal Anesthetized Rats: ¹⁵O-Labeled Gas Inhalation PET with MRI Fusion