Petri Net Recommender System to Model Metabolic Pathway of Polyhydroxyalkanoates

Abstract

Due to the complexity of the metabolic pathways, their modeling has been a great challenge for the researchers. Various mathematical models have been developed and are continuing to be developed to model and study metabolic pathways. In this article, the authors have described Petri nets (PNs) as a recommender system to model one of the metabolic pathways of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. Recommender systems have become an integral part of today's world. Their applications lie in the fields of e-commerce, bioinformatics and many more. Petri nets are one of the promising mathematical tools which can be treated as a recommender system to model and analyze the complex metabolic pathways of various organisms because of the representation of these pathways as graphs. The PN toolbox validates the obtained Petri net model. Polyhydroxyalkanoates, commonly known as PHAs, are biodegradable microbial polyesters and have properties quite similar to commonly used non-biodegradable plastics. Due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and eco-friendly nature, they are of biological significance and are used in various applications in wide range of sectors like medical sector, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and many more. The obtained PN model of Polyhydroxyalkanoates has been validated using PN toolbox.

Challenges and Perspectives of Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production From Microalgae/Cyanobacteria and Bacteria as Microbial Factories: An Assessment of Hybrid Biological System

“…It has been used to model various biological pathways/processes, e.g., metabolism, signal transduction, gene regulation, protein complex assembly, metabolic disorders for biomedical data prediction, and enzyme kinetic modeling (Koch et al, 2017). Recently, PN are used for modeling of biological pathways (PHA; C3 pathway), networks for processes involved in diagnostics, treatment, and multi drug resistance in tuberculosis (Gupta et al, 2019;Singh and Jha, 2019;Singh et al, 2020).…”

Existence of Forbidden Digraphs for Crisp Boolean Petri Nets

“…These forbidden digraphs interrupt in the generation of all the binary -vectors exactly once in its reachability tree as its marking vector (Pastor et al, 1994;Kansal et al, 2012). Petri net modeling has other applications too, like it can behave as a recommender system or can be modeled for many biological networks which can be proven very helpful to study the complex biological networks or disease networks (Kumar et al, 2018;Gupta et al, 2019b;Singh and Gupta, 2019;.…”