Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Kawuliuke Fe-P-Ti oxide-rich intrusive complex in the Kuluketage Block, northeastern Tarim Craton

Chen, Wei; Lü, Xinbiao; Yuan, Qian; Huang, Changsheng; Cao, Xiaofeng

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2022.106816

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Geosciences, 2021; Chen et al . 2022) in the 2Nb–Zr/4–Y discrimination diagram (Meschede, 1986), which is similar to the Guibei 760 Ma gabbro formed in an intraplate rift setting (Zhao & Cawood, 2012). Moreover, it has long been recognized that carbonatite complexes are typically present in anorogenic settings (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Geosciences, 2021; Chen et al . 2022), but the unique physical properties of the continental lithosphere enabled them to retain previous magmatic tectonic events, such as early subduction (Zhang et al . 2001; Sprung et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2013) and Chen et al . (2022) reported that mid-Neoproterozoic (830–760 Ma) mafic–ultramafic rocks in the TC show a wide range in ϵ Nd (t) values from −12.5 to +6.0. The large range in ϵ Nd (t) values of the magmatic rocks in the Kuluketage block can be best explained by the mixing of melts derived from subcontinental lithospheric mantle with enriched ϵ Nd (t) values and asthenospheric mantle with depleted ϵ Nd (t) values, indicating that the ancient subcontinental lithospheric mantle of the TC was probably metasomatized by underplated materials of the asthenospheric mantle to different degrees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2016; Chen et al . 2019 b , 2022). Among those discovered Fe–P–(Ti) oxide deposits, only the Qieganbulake deposit contains carbonatites (Ye et al .…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2016; Chen et al . 2019 b , 2022). Among those deposits, the Fe–P–(Ti) oxide deposits (Kawuliuke, Qieganbulake, Aoertang, Daxigou and Duosike) were discovered in the southern Kuluketage block along the Xingdi fault (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Qieganbulake carbonatite-related phosphate deposit associated with the mafic–ultramafic–carbonatite complex in the Kuluketage block, northeastern Tarim Craton

et al. 2023

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The Qieganbulake deposit associated with a mafic–ultramafic–carbonatite complex in the Kuluketage block is not only the world’s second-largest vermiculite deposit, but also a medium-size carbonatite-related phosphate deposit. Field observations, radiometric dating results and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes reveal that the parental magmas of the carbonatite and mafic–ultramafic rocks are cogenetic and formed synchronously at c. 810 Ma. Geochemical characteristics and Sr–Nd–Hf–S isotopes ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70581–0.70710; ϵNd(t) = −0.20 to −11.80; ϵHf(t) = −7.5 to −10.3; δ34S = +0.7 ‰ to +3.0 ‰ (some sulfides with high δ34S values (+3.2 to +6.6) were formed by late hydrothermal sulfur)), in combination with mineral compositions and previous research, strongly indicate that the Qieganbulake mafic–ultramafic–carbonatite complex formed via extensive crystal fractionation/cumulation and liquid immiscibility of a carbonated tholeiitic magma, possibly derived from partial melting of an enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle previously modified by slab-released fluids and sediment input in a continental rift setting. The coupled enriched Sr–Nd isotopic signatures, in combination with previous research, suggest that the enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle could have been metasomatized by asthenospheric mantle melts to different degrees. The Qieganbulake carbonatite-related phosphate ores were the products of normal fractional crystallization/cumulation of P–Fe3+ complex enriched carbonatite magma in high oxygen fugacity conditions, which was generated by liquid immiscibility of CO2–Fe–Ti–P-rich residual magma undergoing high differentiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2016; Chen et al . 2019 b , 2022). Among those discovered Fe–P–(Ti) oxide deposits, only the Qieganbulake deposit contains carbonatites (Ye et al .…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Qieganbulake carbonatite-related phosphate deposit associated with the mafic–ultramafic–carbonatite complex in the Kuluketage block, northeastern Tarim Craton

et al. 2023

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The giant ShangzhuangREE‐rich apatite deposit, western China: Genesis by ultramafic magma differentiation

Wang¹,

Chen

Wan-wen³

et al. 2023

Geological Journal

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The origin of giant rare earth element (REE)‐rich phosphorus deposits related to ultramafic rocks is unclear. To characterize the genetic linkage between ultramafic rocks and P–REE mineralization, we investigated the whole‐rock geochemistry, geochronology and Hf isotopic compositions, along with previously published data of barren and ore‐bearing clinopyroxenites from the giant Shangzhuang REE‐rich apatite deposit (containing about 51.1 million tonnes of P2O5 and 157,400 tonnes of REEs) in the Lajishan suture, Western China. The P–REE ores and barren biotite clinopyroxenites are composed predominantly of clinopyroxene and biotite, with high levels of apatite, amphibole, allanite, sulfide and oxide minerals in the ore‐bearing samples. Zircon and allanite U–Pb ages for the barren and ore‐bearing clinopyroxenites indicate they were formed between 467 and 465 Ma. The barren and ore‐bearing samples are characterized by high CaO and low SiO2 contents, as well as similar Hf isotope ratios (εHf[t]: +3.4 to +7.7), indicating that they represent an ultramafic magma system and have been derived from a similar source. They are enriched in light REEs and depleted in Nb–Ta–Zr–Hf–Ti, similar to arc‐related lavas found worldwide. The weakly evolved barren samples have high Ba/La, Rb/Y and Dy/Yb values, and their ages are coeval with calc‐alkaline granitic plutons in the belt, which postdate the formation of the Lajishan ophiolite by ~30 myr. This suggests that the primary magma originated from garnet peridotite mantle modified by subducted Proto‐Tethys oceanic crust‐derived fluids in an arc setting. The presence of apatite intergrowth with cumulus clinopyroxene without alteration features indicates that the deposit has a magmatic origin. The ore‐bearing clinopyroxenite contains higher contents of P, REEs, and high‐field‐strength elements than the barren clinopyroxenite, which could be attributed to the in situ accumulation of apatite and allanite in the residual magma. Thus, the formation of the P‐dominated orebodies results from phosphate saturation due to the extensive fractionation crystallization of clinopyroxene and biotite during magmatic evolution. REEs were primarily enriched in the late‐stage melt, which was compatible with apatite and allanite. We propose that the formation of the Shangzhuang REE‐rich apatite deposit can be attributed to a simple differentiation of ultramafic melts in an evolved magmatic system.

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Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Qaidam block, northern Tibet: Implications for the assembly and breakup of Proterozoic supercontinents

Wu,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

Earth-Science Reviews

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Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Kawuliuke Fe-P-Ti oxide-rich intrusive complex in the Kuluketage Block, northeastern Tarim Craton

Cited by 3 publications

References 170 publications

Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Qieganbulake carbonatite-related phosphate deposit associated with the mafic–ultramafic–carbonatite complex in the Kuluketage block, northeastern Tarim Craton

Petrogenesis and metallogenesis of the Qieganbulake carbonatite-related phosphate deposit associated with the mafic–ultramafic–carbonatite complex in the Kuluketage block, northeastern Tarim Craton

The giant ShangzhuangREE‐rich apatite deposit, western China: Genesis by ultramafic magma differentiation

Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Qaidam block, northern Tibet: Implications for the assembly and breakup of Proterozoic supercontinents

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