Petrogenesis of contact-style PGE mineralization in the northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: comparison of data from the farms Rooipoort, Townlands, Drenthe and Nonnenwerth

Maier, Wolfgang D.; Klerk, L. De; Blaine, J.L.; Manyeruke, Tawanda D.; Barnes, Sarah‐Jane; Stevens, M.V.A.; Mavrogenes, John

doi:10.1007/s00126-007-0145-3

Cited by 58 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Of particular note are the relatively low Pt/Pd ratios (<1). These are also characteristic of the overlying 300 m of the Lower Zone, but are otherwise uncommon in the Bushveld Complex, with the exception of the Platreef of the Northern Lobe (Maier et al 2008;McDonald and Holwell 2011).…”

Section: Chalcophile Elementsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A chilled margin of komatiite and Mg-rich basaltic andesite in the western Bushveld Complex, South Africa

Maier

Barnes

2016

Contrib Mineral Petrol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Chalcophile Elementsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A chilled margin of komatiite and Mg-rich basaltic andesite in the western Bushveld Complex, South Africa

Maier

Barnes

2016

Contrib Mineral Petrol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of studies have previously suggested an intrusive sill-like emplacement of other parts of the Bushveld Complex, based mainly on the presence of large floor rock xenoliths between the LZ and the UCZ (Hulbert 1983;Maier et al 2008;Yudovskaya et al 2013). Furthermore, transgressive anorthosite seams in the Upper CZ were also interpreted to inject in a sill-like manner (Maier et al 2016b).…”

Section: Emplacement Of the Lower Zone As A Sill Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, melt migration may represent a potential mechanism to introduce sulphide mineralisation elsewhere in the cumulus pile. Maier et al (2008) and McDonald and Holwell (2011) suggested that the Platreef comprised a number of mineralised sills, which intruded as sulphidesaturated crystal mushes. Therefore, it is conceivable that these mushes did not only form discrete sills, but also interacted with the existing cumulate, which resulted in further migration of the liquid components of the mush, i.e.…”

Section: Implications For Layered Intrusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microtextural characterisation of the Lower Zone in the western limb of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa: evidence for extensive melt migration within a sill complex

Karykowski

2017

Contrib Mineral Petrol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

by plagioclase, clinopyroxene and other late stage phases, shows variable ratios of these minerals ranging from ca. 21:15:64 to 75:17:8. In comparison to modelled expected ratios, most of the analysed rocks have higher amounts of early crystallising interstitial phases (e.g. plagioclase, clinopyroxene), relative to late crystallising phases (e.g. quartz, alkali feldspar). Therefore, interstitial melt must have migrated at different stages of fractionation during cumulate solidification, as a consequence of either compaction or displacement by convecting interstitial liquids. Two samples, however, show the opposite: late phases are relatively more abundant than early ones, which is consistent with a convection-driven replacement of primitive interstitial liquid by more evolved liquid. These results have important implications for the interpretation of the Lower Zone and, by extension, for layered intrusions in general: (1) interstitial sulphide mineralisation may be introduced into a cumulate through infiltrating melts, i.e. the liquid components of a sulphur-saturated crystal mush are not withheld from further migration, upon interaction with a cumulate pile; (2) most importantly, late stage minerals, such as zircon, rarely crystallise from trapped liquid that was initially in equilibrium with the cumulate. Therefore, dating of interstitial zircon from cumulates is unlikely to record the actual timing of emplacement, but merely the crystallisation of a later episode of residual melt that migrated through the cumulate.

show abstract

“…The Bushveld complex includes two largest PGEs containing horizons (UG2 chromitites and the Merensky Reef) [42] [172]. Economic and high contents of PGEs in the anorthosite-bearing complexes were found in layers of chromitites, gabbroid cumulates (gabbros, leucogabbros, gabbronorites, norites, leuconorites, etc.)…”

Section: Initial Concentration Of Pges and Pgms During The Early Eartmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and anorthosites. The most famous PGE bearing chromitites are those of UG2 chromitite of the Early Proterozoic Bushveld Complex [42] [172]. Chromitites (from less than 1 cm to more than 2 m thick) in the Eastern Bushveld Complex are associated with anorthosites, norites, gabbros, and mostly with feldspatic bronzitites in the Upper and Lower Critical Zones [173].…”

Section: Initial Concentration Of Pges and Pgms During The Early Eartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Platinum Group Elements during the Early Earth Evolution: A Review*

Pilchin¹,

Eppelbaum²

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous unique geological processes [1] took place during the early Earth evolution; several of them, especially those occurring in the Hadean-Early Archean and later, are reflected in the modern geological (geophysical, geochemical, etc.) pattern. One such significant enigmatic feature is the preservation of extremely dense and heavy platinum group elements (PGEs): Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Os. Concentration of PGEs during this period could have taken place in two ways: 1) presence of particular matter capable of preserving PGEs near the earth's surface, 2) transportation of PGEs by magma flows from deep lithospheric (asthenospheric) layers (slabs) to the subsurface. Clearly, much of the dense and heavy PGEs did not sink through to the Earth's mantle (core) at the time of the magma-ocean, and occur near Earth's surface in abundances for formation of ore deposits with PGE concentrations found to be 2 -3 orders of magnitude greater than those in their host media. Their enrichments are associated in numerous cases with such enigmatic phenomena as formation of anorthosites and anorthosite-bearing layered magmatic intrusions. PGE deposits and mineralization zones are also found in associations with chromitites, dunites and serpentinites. In this review, problems related to the initial concentration and preservation of PGEs, their association with anorthosites, and formation of layered intrusions are discussed in detail. The main aim of this article is analysis of the requirements-initial concentration and preservation of PGE and PGM (Platinum Group Minerals) during the early Earth evolution, as well as examination of the distribution behavior of some PGEs in different ore deposits and meteorites. It is supposed that meteoritic bombardment of Earth has played a significant role in formation of PGEs deposits. Some conclusions made in this article may be useful for developing and enhancing strategies of prospecting for PGEs deposits.

show abstract

Petrogenesis of contact-style PGE mineralization in the northern lobe of the Bushveld Complex: comparison of data from the farms Rooipoort, Townlands, Drenthe and Nonnenwerth

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

A chilled margin of komatiite and Mg-rich basaltic andesite in the western Bushveld Complex, South Africa

A chilled margin of komatiite and Mg-rich basaltic andesite in the western Bushveld Complex, South Africa

Microtextural characterisation of the Lower Zone in the western limb of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa: evidence for extensive melt migration within a sill complex

Concentration of Platinum Group Elements during the Early Earth Evolution: A Review*

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About