Petrographic and geophysical assessment of coal quality as related to briquetting: the Miocene lignite of the Lower Rhine Basin, Germany

Naeth, J.; Asmus, S.; Littke, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2004.04.002

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The generally low sulfur and ash contents are in accordance with the assumption that peat deposition took place in a raised bog environment, where usually herbaceous plants and deciduous trees are more common than in a topogenous mire where conifers and marcoduria (Naeth et al, 2004), respectively, would be present.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The deposition of thick and wide-spread peats ended with the Inden formation. Marine transgressions, which were most pronounced during the Oligocene and Middle Miocene ceased with the transition into the Upper Miocene, after the deposition of the marine Neurath sands, leading to a more continental facies (Naeth et al, 2004). Especially during the Miocene depositional conditions were those of a paralic environment in a humid, warm climate.…”

Section: Geological Setting and Paleoenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The lignites represent the largest resource of this kind in Europe with total reserves of 40 billion tons (BGR, 2014) and have been mined in several open pit mines over the last decades. They have been the subject of various palynological Teichmüller, 1958;von der Brelie and Wolf, 1981), petrographical (Dehmer, 1988;Hagemann and Wolf, 1987;Naeth et al, 2004;Teichmüller, 1962) and chemical studies in the past (Bechtel et al, 2002;Teichmüller and Thomson, 1958).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Miocene depositional environment and climate in western Europe: The lignite deposits of the Lower Rhine Basin, Germany

Stock

Littke

Lücke

et al. 2016

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Geological Setting and Paleoenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Miocene depositional environment and climate in western Europe: The lignite deposits of the Lower Rhine Basin, Germany

Stock

Littke

Lücke

et al. 2016

International Journal of Coal Geology

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“…1). A fluvial systemthe palaeo-Rhine river (Naeth et al, 2004) developed during the Pliocene, when the North Sea retreated (Boersma et al, 1981). Tidal deltas with strong tidal currents are located between barrier islands (Boersma, 1991).…”

Section: Geologic Setting and Palaeoecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotaxonomy of fossil woods from the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany

Mann

Disko

Hofmann

et al. 2017

International Journal of Coal Geology

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“…The Inden Member lignite of latest Miocene age is originated from the Lower Rhine Basin (Aachen-Cologne Lignite Mining district), where terrestrial OM accumulated in an paralic environment (Naeth et al, 2004). The high TOC of 55.2 % is contrasted by the typical low HI-value of 65 mg HC/g TOC.…”

Section: Inden Member (Kerogen Type-iii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Simulation Of Hydrocarbon Expulsion

Schwark¹,

Stockhausen²,

Galimberti³

et al. 2014

International Petroleum Technology Conference

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Investigating generation, expulsion and primary migration usually suffers from inadequate methodologies, failing in the provision of natural conditions, prevailing during the genesis of oil and gas. Destructive sample preparation, inappropriate pressure regimes and pyrolysis in closed mode and/or in the absence of water caused results not representative for natural processes. To overcome these limitations, a newly designed apparatus was developed and built, capable to perform pyrolysis experiments with intact rock samples under pressure regimes, prevailing during catagenesis. In detail, lithostatic (or overburden-) pressures and hydrostatic (or pore-) pressures, corresponding to 3000 m depth and beyond, can be simulated by this apparatus, the "Expulsinator" device. Additionally, the experiments are conducted as hydrous, semi-open pyrolysis, allowing the time-based sampling of the expelled products. Thus, generation/expulsion profiles are generated for each investigated source-rock. Comparison of generation and expulsion efficiency of the Expulsinator with established pyrolysis methodologies (MSSV, HyPy, Rock Eval and closed small vessel pyrolysis (CSVP)) reveals striking differences: Expulsinator experiments yielded more bitumen and released lower gas amounts than classic pyrolysis. This is caused by secondary alteration of products in case of classic pyrolysis, e.g. oil to gas cracking at higher temperatures and polymerization to pyrobitumen. The open setup of the Expulsinator experiments prevents successfully secondary alteration, increasing the liquid product yields and lowering the gas formation. This is mirrored in TOC conversion rates as well: Expulsinator conversion exceeds 81 %, whereas those of hydrous CSVP remains at 65 %. Further, interactions between kerogen, bitumen, pyrobitumen and pyrite are reduced in case of Expulsinator experiments. In contrast, CSVP experiments residues show enrichment of nitrogen and oxygen and depletion of sulphur, indicating intense interaction between the mentioned components. Investigating the impact of catagenesis onto the yields and composition of expelled products was carried out by a stepwise experimental setup, simulating burial depths of ~2000 m, ~2500 m and 3000 m, implementing overburden pressures from 600 bar to 900 bar and hydrostatic pressures from 200 bar to 300 bar. Each experiment step shows a distinct expulsion maximum of liquid hydrocarbons, reaching the total maximum at 3000 m. Confrontation of Expulsinator results with comparative CSVP and MSSV experiments reveal expulsion and primary migration effects onto the n-alkane distribution in dependence of maturation and subsidence. An n-alkane increase towards larger molecular size with ongoing expulsion is associated with molecular size controlled retention effects. The expulsion progress is mirrored in trends of isoprenoid-ratios (pristane vs. phytane) and isoprenoidn-alkaneratios (pristane vs. n-C17), caused mainly by generation controlled effects. However, both ratios qualify as expulsion indicator, taking ...

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Petrographic and geophysical assessment of coal quality as related to briquetting: the Miocene lignite of the Lower Rhine Basin, Germany

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Miocene depositional environment and climate in western Europe: The lignite deposits of the Lower Rhine Basin, Germany

Miocene depositional environment and climate in western Europe: The lignite deposits of the Lower Rhine Basin, Germany

Chemotaxonomy of fossil woods from the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany

Experimental Simulation Of Hydrocarbon Expulsion

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