Petrography and geochemistry of Carboniferous coal seams in the Donets Basin (Ukraine): implications for paleoecology

Sachsenhofer, Reinhard F.; Privalov, V.A.; Izart, Alain; Montchowui, Élie; Kortensky, J; Panova, E.A.; Sotirov, Anton; Zhykalyak, M.V.

doi:10.1016/s0166-5162(03)00112-5

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Typically, coals of this age have average inertinite contents of Ϸ18% or more, whereas levels of up to 42% have been recorded (e.g., refs. [44][45][46][47][48][49]. These values indicate major fire influence on peat-forming ecosystems and are in accord with modeled O 2 levels of Ϸ25% (3) that would be expected to have initiated fires even in wet mire settings.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

The diversification of Paleozoic fire systems and fluctuations in atmospheric oxygen concentration

Scott

Glasspool²

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

375

232

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By comparing Silurian through end Permian [Ϸ250 million years (Myr)] charcoal abundance with contemporaneous macroecological changes in vegetation and climate we aim to demonstrate that long-term variations in fire occurrence and fire system diversification are related to fluctuations in Late Paleozoic atmospheric oxygen concentration. Charcoal, a proxy for fire, occurs in the fossil record from the Late Silurian (Ϸ420 Myr) to the present. Its presence at any interval in the fossil record is already taken to constrain atmospheric oxygen within the range of 13% to 35% (the ''fire window''). Herein, we observe that, as predicted, atmospheric oxygen levels rise from Ϸ13% in the Late Devonian to Ϸ30% in the Late Permian so, too, fires progressively occur in an increasing diversity of ecosystems. Sequentially, data of note include: the occurrence of charcoal in the Late Silurian͞Early Devonian, indicating the burning of a diminutive, dominantly rhyniophytoid vegetation; an apparent paucity of charcoal in the Middle to Late Devonian that coincides with a predicted atmospheric oxygen low; and the subsequent diversification of fire systems throughout the remainder of the Late Paleozoic. First, fires become widespread during the Early Mississippian, they then become commonplace in mire systems in the Middle Mississippian; in the Pennsylvanian they are first recorded in upland settings and finally, based on coal petrology, become extremely important in many Permian mire settings. These trends conform well to changes in atmospheric oxygen concentration, as predicted by modeling, and indicate oxygen levels are a significant control on long-term fire occurrence.Earth system processes ͉ global change ͉ coal ͉ charcoal ͉ inertinite

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supporting

confidence: 75%

The diversification of Paleozoic fire systems and fluctuations in atmospheric oxygen concentration

Scott

Glasspool²

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

375

232

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“…The lateral continuity of these deltaic deposits, including over 300 coals that can be traced throughout the study region (Sachsenhofer et al, 2003), indicates the broad lateral extent of Donets NOTICE: This is the author's version of a work accepted for publication by Elsevier. Changes resulting from the publishing process, including peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting and other quality control mechanisms, may not be reflected in this document.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This period of widespread aridification coincided with a progressive restructuring of paleotropical floral ecosystems involving a shift from lycopsid-to tree fern-dominance in wetland habitats throughout Euramerica (Gastaldo et al, 1996;DiMichele et al, 2001;Cleal and Thomas, 2005) including the Donets Basin (Schegolev, 1975;Sachsenhofer et al, 2003). The cause of aridification, however, is less well understood, having been attributed to tectonic drift out of the paleotropics (Bless et al, 1984), tectonically induced changes in regional precipitation and drainage patterns (Rowley et al, 1985;Besly, 1987;Hilton and Cleal, 2007), an intense short-lived glaciation (Falcon-Lang et a., 2011), and global warming, in particular in the high-latitudes (Gonzalez, 1990;Durante, 1995), the latter being possibly greenhouse-gas forced (Cleal et al, 1999;DiMichele et al 2009).…”

Section: Global Climate Linkagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence stratigraphy and onlap history of the Donets Basin, Ukraine: Insight into Carboniferous icehouse dynamics

Eros

Montañez

Osleger

et al. 2012

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

155

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The degree to which Permo-Carboniferous cyclothemic successions archive evidence for longterm variations in ice volume during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age is insufficiently resolved. Here we develop the sequence stratigraphy and onlap-offlap history for a 33-my interval of the Carboniferous using the U-Pb calibrated succession of the Donets Basin, Ukraine, in order to assess the relationship between sea-level, high-latitude changes in glacial extent, and climate. Integrated subsurface and outcrop data permit meter-scale correlation of 242 biostratigraphically constrained limestones and coals, and in turn individual cyclothems, across ~250 km of the Donets Basin. Rapid uniform subsidence and basinwide continuity of marker beds indicate Pennsylvanian deposition under relatively stable tectonic conditions. Three scales of sequences (avg. durations of ~140 ky, ~480 ky and 1.6 my) are recognized on the basis of stratigraphic stacking patterns and basinwide architecture of marine to terrestrial facies assemblages.The hierarchy of sequences and the geographic and stratigraphic positions of shifts in base-level sensitive facies across the Donets ramp permit the construction of an onlap-offlap history at a sub-400 ky scale. Major sea-level lowstands occur across the mid-Carboniferous boundary and during the early Moscovian. These lowstands coincide with glacial maxima inferred from highlatitude glacigenic deposits. The middle to late Pennsylvanian is characterized by a stepwise onlap, culminating in an earliest Gzhelian highstand, suggesting contraction of Carboniferous ice sheets prior to the initiation of Early Permian glaciation.The stratigraphic position of climate sensitive facies within individual Donets cyclothems indicates a turnover from seasonal sub-humid or semi-arid climate to everwet conditions during the late lowstand and maximum ice sheet accumulation. Comparison of the stratigraphic and aerial distribution of coals and evaporites in the Donets Basin with the onlap-offlap history further indicates everwet conditions during lowstands and inferred glacial maxima and drier climate during onlap and inferred ice sheet contraction at the intermediate (~0.8 to 1.6 my) and long (10 6 yr) time-scales. Taken together, the relationship between inferred climate and glacioeustasy suggests a likely teleconnection between high-latitude ice sheet behavior and low-latitude atmospheric dynamics.

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“…2 is determined from the area between upper and lower limits of HI with increasing Ro% and T max , the apex of the upper and lower limits was further connected to illustrate the line of maximum HI with increasing maturity. Data with HI [ 380 mg HC/g TOC (these samples are higher dispersion or significant dissimilarity in Q mode cluster analysis than the others) and HI \ 80 mg HC/g TOC with 0.5 B Ro% B 1.0 Chen et al (2003); (b) KM1-17, from Kotarba and Lewan (2004); (c) AH1-19, from Amijaya and Littke (2006); (d) XM1-48, from Xiao et al (2005); (e) CU1-47, from Canonico et al (2004); (f) PA1-71, from Sachsenhofer et al (2003); (g) KJ1-80, from Kotarba et al (2002); (h) AS1-35, from Akande et al (1998); (i) MG1-27, from Wang (1998); (j) MS1-24, from Xiao et al (1996); (k) MT1-16, from Xiao (1997); (l) TK1-25, from Chiu et al (1993); (m) TC1-41, from Chiu et al (1996); (n) TW 1*36, from Taiwan; (o) AU 1*13, from Australia; (p) ML 1*16, from China. Sample data of n, o, and p were detected in this study (see Table 3 and According to the plots of HI versus Ro% and HI versus T max , the data are distributed in an area outlined by the majority of the samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Relationships among geochemical indices of coal and carbonaceous materials and implication for hydrocarbon potential evaluation

2009

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A worldwide dataset of organic material from 553 samples belonging to coal and carbonaceous materials was used to analyze the evolution of hydrogen index (HI) and bitumen index (BI) with increasing thermal maturity. Basic statistical analyses were applied to detect the boundary lines of HI max and BI max in delineating the upper and lower limits of the HI and BI bands for the majority of samples. In addition, cross-plots of HI or BI versus maturity (Ro% and T max ) also provide criteria for defining the HI max and BI max boundary lines. The constructed HI and BI bands are broad at low maturities and become narrower with increasing thermal maturities. The petroleum generation potential is completely exhausted at the vitrinite reflectance of 2.0-2.2% or T max of 510-520°C. An increase in HI implies extra petroleum generation which was related to changes in structure of organic materials. A declining BI means that the oil expulsion window starts to occur at the vitrinite reflectance range of 0.75-1.05%. The petroleum potential can be divided into four different areas based on the cross-plot of HI versus Ro%. The highest petroleum potential area is located in section II with Ro = 0.6-1.0% and HI [ 100. The oil generation potential is rapidly exhausted at section III with Ro [ 1.0%. This result is also in accordance with the result of curve regression of HI versus Ro% based on 80 samples with Ro = 1.02-3.43% (R 2 = 0.72). Overall, the total oil window can be extended up to Ro = *1.25-1.95%. Finally, in the cross-plots of S1 versus S2, shale or C-shale exhibits a higher and slowly decreased slope, compared with a lower and then sharply increased slope of coal samples, which is attributable to their compositional difference in organic material.

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Petrography and geochemistry of Carboniferous coal seams in the Donets Basin (Ukraine): implications for paleoecology

Cited by 46 publications

References 26 publications

The diversification of Paleozoic fire systems and fluctuations in atmospheric oxygen concentration

The diversification of Paleozoic fire systems and fluctuations in atmospheric oxygen concentration

Sequence stratigraphy and onlap history of the Donets Basin, Ukraine: Insight into Carboniferous icehouse dynamics

Relationships among geochemical indices of coal and carbonaceous materials and implication for hydrocarbon potential evaluation

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