Petrolatum: interference with the oxidation of arachidonic acid

Penneys, Neal S.; Eaglstein, William; Ziboh, Vincent A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb07242.x

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A clear inhibitory effect of petrolatum on Th2 inflammatory responses was not observed by Czarnowicki et al; however, a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltrates was observed in petrolatum treated skin (54). Petrolatum has also been found to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins in the skin (56). Prostaglandins are important mediators of tissue inflammation in patients with AD.…”

Section: Artificial Restoration Of the Skin Barriermentioning

confidence: 90%

Vehicles for atopic dermatitis therapies: more than just a placebo

Danby

Draelos

Gold

et al. 2020

Journal of Dermatological Treatment

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A topical vehicle is a 'carrier system' for an active pharmaceutical (or cosmetic) substance, referred to hereafter as the drug, but a vehicle may also be used on its own as an emollient to ameliorate dry skin. It is well established that the vehicle plays an important role in determining the bioavailability of a given drug at its ultimate target within the skin. Yet in the treatment of atopic eczema/dermatitis (AD), wherein the structure and function of the skin's outer barrier play a pivotal role in the development and course of the condition, the interaction of the vehicle with this barrier carries a particular importance. It is now clear that the often-considered inert excipients of a vehicle bring about changes within the skin at the molecular level that promote barrier restoration and enhance innate immune defenses with therapeutic value to AD patients. Moreover, the vehicle control in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) increasingly displays significant efficacy. In light of this, we consider the implications of vehicle design in relation to AD pathophysiology and the role vehicles play as controls in RCTs of new drug treatments for this condition.

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Section: Artificial Restoration Of the Skin Barriermentioning

confidence: 90%

Vehicles for atopic dermatitis therapies: more than just a placebo

Danby

Draelos

Gold

et al. 2020

Journal of Dermatological Treatment

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“…LC have been observed in apposition to mononuclear inflammatory cells after merely occluding the skin with test patches of the Finn chamber type (12). On the other hand, Pennyes et al (13) have observed the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis following application of petrolatum to skin wounds, suggesting that petrolatum may not be as neutral as previously believed.…”

Section: Discussusionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Expression of OKT6 antigen by Langerhans cells in patch test reactions

Christensen¹,

Daniels²,

Maibach³

1986

Contact Dermatitis

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Previous studies in humans and guinea pigs indicate that Langerhans cells (LC) participate in elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis. The number and morphology of LC was determined in acute and healed allergic patch test sites, control (petrolatum) sites and normal skin in nickel-sensitive individuals using OKT6 monoclonal antibody and avidin-biotin/peroxidase labeling. Compared to normal skin, the staining intensity and number of epidermal LC was significantly increased in allergic (p < 0.02) and petrolatum control (p < 0.02) sites, and in 6-to 8-week old allergic patch test sites (p < 0.006). The in situ changes in LC induced by petrolatum alone may be a result of the occlusive patch test, or may suggest that petrolatum is not as neutral as previously believed. The nickel-induced increase in LC may indicate changes in the LC present in the epithelium at the time of testing, or migration of additional LC into the epithelium, which can then remain in situ for weeks after the antigenic challenge. The specificity of the LC increase in allergic contact dermatitis is questioned on the basis of the increase noted with petrolatum. Key words: Langerhans cells -patch test reactions.Acceptedfor publication July 15, 1985 Langerhans cells (LC) have been implicated in the induction and elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis (1). Electron microscopic studies reveal apposition of lymphocytes and LC in the epidermis and dermis of allergic but not irritant patch test reactions. Signs of LC activation and LC cell damage (appearance of glycogen granules, rarefaction of cytoplasm and dilatation of perinuclear space) occur during elicitation of contact allergic dermatitis. Utilizing the L-dopa and catecholamine method to visualize LC, Sjoborg et al. (2) showed increased numbers of LC in guinea pig and human epidermis with allergic contact dermatitis. With the same method, Uno & Hanifin (3) found a high number of LC in chronic lesions of atopic dermatitis.The monoclonal anti-T6 antibody provides * Place where study was performed.a specific (4-6) and sensitive (7) probe for LC in the skin, and the avidin-biotin/peroxidase complex (ABC) labeling method has been shown to be more sensitive than the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method in demonstrating polypeptides (8). Consequently, we applied the T6 antibody and ABC labeling to study the occurrence and appearance of LC in human patch test reactions, control patch tests without antigen, and normal skin. We also studied LC in patch test sites up to 8 weeks after antigenic challenge. Material and MethodsSubjects 7 volunteers (5 female and 2 male, 29 to 71 years old) hypersensitive to nickel (proved by earlier patch testing) enrolled in this study after giving informed consent. 4 subjects, studied for short-term changes in allergic contact test

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“…It is possible that apparently bland emollients have pharmacological properties—for example, studies in mice have demonstrated that the “placebo” effect of topical applications such as white soft paraffin or cetomacrogol cream results in part from antimitotic activity 22. In addition, some bland preparations have an anticyclo-oxygenase effect on the microsomal fraction of skin homogenates23 and this could account for many of the anti-inflammatory effects of these materials. Certain emollients, such as white soft paraffin, have been shown to have vasoconstrictor activity in the skin (to a lesser degree than topical corticosteroids) as well as a skin thinning effect (also to a lesser degree than topical corticosteroids) 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side to side comparison of topical treatment in atopic dermatitis

Ainley-Walker

Patel

David³

1998

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Objectives-To document and evaluate the outcome of side to side comparisons of diVerent corticosteroids in determining the most eVective topical treatment for individuals admitted to hospital for control of atopic dermatitis. Methods-Retrospective case note study of 82 admissions (66 children) to a children's hospital for treatment of atopic dermatitis between 1 June 1993 and 31 October 1995. DiVerent topical corticosteroid ointments were applied to the two sides of the body. The outcome measure was a comparison between the two sides, to see whether one treatment was better than the other. Results-More potent topical corticosteroid preparations appeared more eVective than weaker preparations on 25 occasions, there was no diVerence on 20 occasions, and on seven occasions a weaker preparation appeared more eVective. Incorporation of an antimicrobial agent did not appear to increase the eYcacy of a preparation. Conclusions-The management of atopic dermatitis is bedevilled by considerable spontaneous fluctuations in severity, leading to uncertainty as to whether a new treatment is beneficial; a coincidental flare up of the skin lesions may be wrongly attributed to a particular treatment, which is then discarded. Comparing different topical treatments simultaneously on opposite sides of the body is a feasible and rational way to determine the optimum treatment for an individual with atopic dermatitis.

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Petrolatum: interference with the oxidation of arachidonic acid

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Vehicles for atopic dermatitis therapies: more than just a placebo

Vehicles for atopic dermatitis therapies: more than just a placebo

Expression of OKT6 antigen by Langerhans cells in patch test reactions

Side to side comparison of topical treatment in atopic dermatitis

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