Petroleum Geochemistry At the Dawn of the 21st Century

Abstract

Résumé -La géochimie organique pétrolière à l'aube du XXI e siècle -Après un bref historique de l'évolution de la géochimie organique pétrolière au cours des dernières décennies, cet article résume l'état actuel de la recherche dans ce domaine et présente les orientations dictées par les besoins des opérateurs. Aujourd'hui, les acteurs industriels s'intéressent à des prospects de plus en plus profonds (haute pression, haute température), à l'exploration des grands fonds marins, à la recherche de gaz et à la production des énormes réserves d'huiles lourdes de la planète. Dans ce contexte, l'enjeu est de contribuer d'une manière efficace à la prédiction quantitative des réserves en huile et gaz à l'échelle d'un bassin (volume, composition, incertitudes) et à la prédiction de la qualité des fluides contenus dans un gisement, et cela par une meilleure connaissance des événements géochimiques affectant leur préservation et leur altération. (high pressure, high temperature), in the exploration of the deep offshore, the search for gas and in the production of the planet's enormous heavy oil reserves. In this context, the challenge is to contribute effectively to the quantitative prediction of the oil and gas reserves at the scale of a basin (volume, composition, uncertainties) and to predict the quality of the fluids present in a reservoir, through a closer knowledge of the geochemical events affecting their preservation and their alteration. Abstract -Petroleum Geochemistry at the Dawn of the 21st Century -Following a short review of the evolution of petroleum organic geochemistry in recent decades, this paper depicts the present status of research in the field and describes the guidelines dictated by the needs of the operators. Today, the industrial players are interested in increasingly deep prospects

Deeper Insights into Oxygen-Containing Compounds of the Mandal Formation, Central Graben, Norway

“…The bulk composition of organic matter ,, and to a certain degree the types of clay mineral surfaces − certainly play key roles in the retention and expulsion of petroleum. Petroleum expulsion and migration are complex processes and the degree of physicochemical interactions between solid and fluid phases in a source rock depends on various factors that are sensitive to pressure and temperature, such as OM type and distribution, its level of maturation, and thus the detailed petroleum composition, ,, together with lithology, sedimentological features determining and controlling fluid flow. ,, Petroleum mobility is determined by its physical properties that are determined by gas content, low-molecular weight, and high-molecular weight phase quantities and composition. ,,,, Above, we explore how the bulk chemical composition of the acidic polar fraction, as measured using FT-ICR-MS, might influence retention behavior.…”

Diamondoids: occurrence in fossil fuels, applications in petroleum exploration and fouling in petroleum production. A review paper

“…Moreover, these four geological components must be properly placed in a dynamic scenario where the source rock plays the major role as its thermal history gives the guidelines for organic matter transformations in the basin (Huc, 2003).…”

Biomarker characteristics of Montney source rock, British Columbia, Canada

“…Classification of source rocks and labeling the families of the crude oils became possible and easy to achieve by using petroleum geochemistry [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Organic matter (OM) extract analysis is one of the most basic tests for determining paleo-preservation conditions, OM maturity, and the type of hydrocarbons generated [ 11 , 12 ].…”