Petroleum geological conditions and exploration potential of Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in Gucheng Area, Tarim Basin, China

Cao, Yinghui; Wang, Shan; Zhang, Yajin; Yang, Min; Liu, Yan; Zhao, Yue; Zhang, Junlong; Wang, Xiandong; Zhou, Xiaofeng; Wang, Hongjiang

doi:10.1016/s1876-3804(19)60271-5

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The source rocks connect vertically through thrust faults, forming a complex thrust-fault-controlled oil and gas reservoir system with in situ hydrocarbon generation and vertical migration potential. This system holds immense potential for oil and gas exploration (Cao et al, 2019;Shen et al, 2019). Sr isotope characteristics of calcite from Ordovician reservoirs in northern Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon fluid evolution and accumulation process in ultradeep reservoirs of the northern Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin

Wang,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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Marine deep Ordovician reservoirs are significantly controlled by strike-slip fault zones, which govern reservoir fluid evolution during various activity periods. Such fluid evolution elucidates the process underpinning ultra-deep oil and gas accumulation and delineates the pivotal role of strike-slip fault zones in hydrocarbon aggregation. This method can improve the understanding of the mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation in deep to ultradeep carbonate rocks. The findings indicate that the Ordovician reservoirs in the northern thrust fault zone of the Fuman Oilfield predominantly exhibit two stages of calcite vein formation. The distribution patterns of rare earth elements and Sr isotope characteristics suggest that both stages of vein formation were sourced from Middle to Lower Ordovician marine strata, with no evidence of oxidizing fluid infiltration. This indicates that late-stage oil and gas charging in deep-ultradeep formations has good sealing properties. In these calcite veins, early-, middle-, and late-stage fluid inclusions were primarily entrapped. By examining the development of primary oil inclusions and combining the U‒Pb isotope data of host minerals, this study confirms the occurrence of three stages of oil and gas charging in the deep Ordovician strata of the northern thrust fault zone in the Fuman Oilfield. These stages correspond to approximately 459 ± 7.2 Ma (mid-Caledonian), 348 ± 18 Ma (early Permian), and 268 Ma (late Permian). The key accumulation period of oil and gas reservoirs in the study area is the middle and late Caledonian, and there is a good correspondence between oil and gas charging and fault activity.

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Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon fluid evolution and accumulation process in ultradeep reservoirs of the northern Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin

Wang,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…The Mid-Lower Ordovician source rock is concentrated in the Heituwa Formation of eastern Tarim. It is the black shale of the basin facies deposition, with TOC of .50%-1.64% and Ro of 1.16%-2.10%, and represents a medium-highly mature medium-high-quality source rock (Cao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Source Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive work has been performed from numerous points of views, in terms of the stratigraphic sequence (Fan et al, 2007;Zhao et al, 2010;Lin et al, 2013;Zhao, 2015), lithofacies paleogeography (Feng et al, 2006;Feng et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2015), structural-sedimentary evolution (Zhang et al, 2007;Han et al, 2009;Li Q et al, 2014;, characteristics and formation mechanisms of reservoir rocks (Zheng et al, 2016;Shao et al, 2019), and control factors of hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration fields (Cao et al, 2019;Lv et al, 2022;Tochukwu et al, 2022), and some commonly accepted basic understandings have been obtained. For instance, the hydrocarbon exploration in the Tarim Basin shall highlight the Gucheng area with a good source-reservoir rock configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key stage and model of hydrocarbon accumulation of Ordovician reservoir in Gucheng area, Tarim Basin, China

Zhang¹,

Niu

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The heterogeneity of deep carbonate reservoirs is strong, it is significant for exploration and development to clarify the key stages of oil and gas accumulation. Taking the Ordovician in the Gucheng area of Tarim Basin as an example, this paper systematically investigated the key stage and model of hydrocarbon accumulation using the data of the cores, thin sections, cathode luminescence tests, laser ablation U-Pb isotope geochronometry, bitumen reflectance, and fluid inclusion tests, and seismic interpretation. (1) The Tarim Basin mainly develops three sets of effective source rocks, namely the Cambrian Yuertusi Formation, Cambrian Moheershan Formation, and Mid-Lower Ordovician Heituwa Formation, which are concentrated in the slope-basin facies of eastern Tarim Basin. (2) The Gucheng area is located in a favorable paleo-structural position. The pathway system composed of vertical faults and lateral unconformities occurs in the paleo-uplift, which is critical for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. (3) The laser in-situ U-Pb dating, distribution and genesis of reservoir bitumen, burial-thermal maturation history, and the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions suggest that the multi-stage tectonic thermal events of the Caledonian and Hercynian stages result in key adjustment and modification to deep hydrocarbon accumulation. Due to magmatic hydrothermal activities, the Caledonian primary oil reservoir massively evolved into oil-cracking gas reservoirs and residual paleo-oil reservoirs. (4) The paleo tectonic-fluid effect plays an important factor controlling the development of the Ordovician reservoirs. The evolution of the hydrocarbon accumulation in Gucheng area can be divided into three stages, namely formation of primary oil and gas reservoirs, oil-cracking gas reservoirs, and adjustment, destruction and reforming of gas reservoirs. To sum up, the western and northern parts of the paleo-uplift with favorable source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage and less effects of hydrothermal activities are the favorable zones for hydrocarbon exploration in the Gucheng area, the Tarim Basin.

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“…The Gucheng area is situated in the mid-south of the North Depression in the Tarim Basin, on the slope of the Tazhong uplift [28]. It is a second-order structural unit located on the southeast margin of the West Tarim platform [29], adjacent to the Manxi low bulge in the north, and to the Tadong uplift to the east [30,31]. The top surface of the Ordovician carbonate rocks in the target area is structurally a large-wide nose-like uplift inclining toward the northwest, cut by NE faults into several fault blocks with grabens alternating with horsts [28] (Figure 1a).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Frequency Sea-Level Cycle Reconstruction and Vertical Distribution of Carbonate Ramp Shoal Facies Dolomite Reservoir in Gucheng Area, East Tarim Basin

et al. 2022

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During the sedimentary period of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation, the carbonate platform of the Gucheng area in the Tarim basin was characterized by a distally steepened ramp. Relative sea-level changes exerted a strong influence on the shoal facie dolomite reservoirs of the 3rd Member of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation (the Ying 3 member), sedimented in the context of a shallow water environment on the carbonate ramp. However, previous studies that lacked high-frequency sea-level changes in the Gucheng area prevent further dolomite reservoir characterization. The current work carries out systematic sampling based on the continuous core from the upper and middle parts of the Ying 3 member in two newly drilled exploration wells (GC17 and GC601) and a series of geochemistry analyses, such as C-O isotope, Sr isotope, and rare earth elements (REE), which helps to investigate the features of the shoal facies dolomite reservoir development against high-frequency sea-level changes. With the help of Fischer plots of these two wells, high-density δ13C data (sample interval is about 0.272 m) were merged to construct a comprehensive curve, contributing to characterizing the high-frequency sea-level changes of the upper and middle parts of the Ying 3 member in the Gucheng area and validating the relationship between the pore-vug vertical distribution and high-frequency sea-level changes. Results revealed that the porosity of dolomite reservoirs increased when the high-frequency sea-level fell and decreased when it rose. Furthermore, the karst surface can be found at the top of the upward-shallowing cycle during the high-frequency sea-level falling; the pore-vug reservoirs are concentrated below the karst exposure surface, and porous spaces are more developed closer to the top of the cycle. The high frequency sea-level curve built in this study can be used as a standard for further research of regional sea-levels in the Gucheng area, and this understanding is highly practical in the prediction of shoal facies carbonate reservoir in carbonate ramp.

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Petroleum geological conditions and exploration potential of Lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks in Gucheng Area, Tarim Basin, China

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Hydrocarbon fluid evolution and accumulation process in ultradeep reservoirs of the northern Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin

Hydrocarbon fluid evolution and accumulation process in ultradeep reservoirs of the northern Fuman Oilfield, Tarim Basin

Key stage and model of hydrocarbon accumulation of Ordovician reservoir in Gucheng area, Tarim Basin, China

High-Frequency Sea-Level Cycle Reconstruction and Vertical Distribution of Carbonate Ramp Shoal Facies Dolomite Reservoir in Gucheng Area, East Tarim Basin

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