A large amount of oil and gas has
been discovered in the ultradeep
reservoirs in the Shawan Sag, Junggar Basin. However, the hydrocarbon
phases in ultradeep reservoirs are complex, and the controlling factors
and evolution have not been studied, which are important for exploration
and development. This study determined the hydrocarbon phase states
of the reservoirs in the Upper Wuerhe Formation (P3w) of
Well Zheng 10 in the Shawan Sag via hydrocarbon components and a pressure–volume–temperature
(PVT) phase diagram. We used 1D basin modeling to simulate the thermal
maturity of the Lower Wuerhe (P2w) source rock, components
of generated hydrocarbons, reservoir temperature and pressure, and
hydrocarbon phase. The results show that the hydrocarbons in the P3w reservoir are secondary condensate gas. The source rock
began to enter the threshold of hydrocarbon generation at the end
of the Late Triassic, and the thermal maturity (Easy Ro%) of the P2w source rock in the P3w reservoir fetch area is
approximately 1.5% at present. The reservoir experienced multiple
periods of hydrocarbon charging and phase evolution. During the Late
Triassic to the early Late Jurassic and the late Early Cretaceous
to the Late Cretaceous, the hydrocarbons in the P3w reservoir
were liquid. Since the Miocene, a large amount of gas has migrated
to the P3w reservoir, leading to gas invasion, which is
the key to the formation of a condensate gas reservoir. The hydrocarbons
changed from liquid to condensate gas due to the increasing gas–oil
ratio and reservoir temperature. This study provides a quantitative
method to reconstruct the phase evolution process and establishes
an accumulation model of condensate gas reservoirs.