“…Free convection in permeable enclosure has gained major attention in past years due to its numerous applications in medical, engineering, geophysics and industries such as circulatory system, biomass transport, cooling of electronic equipment, combustion technology, thermal insulation of buildings, solar energy systems, petroleum reservoir, energy storage, deep bed filtration, solar air heater, reduction of aerodynamic noise, greenhouses and geothermal reservoirs [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Many researchers have adopted experimental, numerical and theoretical approaches to explore fluid flow and thermal distribution in several porous cavity.…”