Petrological and Isotopic Studies on Palaeozoic High-pressure Granulites, Gory Sowie Mts, Polish Sudetes

O’Brien, Patrick J.; Kröner, Alfred; Jaeckel, P.; Hegner, E.; Żelaźniewicz, Andrzej; Kryza, Ryszard

doi:10.1093/petroj/38.4.433

Cited by 101 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…(Aubrecht & Méres 2000). Very similar pyrope-rich garnets are known from the metamorphic rocks (garnet peridotites, garnet pyroxenites, kyanite eclogites and granulites) of the Bohemian Massif (Scharbert & Carswell 1983;O'Brien & Vrána 1995;Medaris et al 1995aMedaris et al ,b, 1998Medaris et al , 2005Medaris et al , 2006aO'Brien et al 1997;Nakamura et al 2004). Because of the presence of granulite-derived detritus, the crustal segments of the Western Carpathian externides, including the Pieniny Klippen Belt, were interpreted as being derived from the Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif (Aubrecht & Méres 1999.…”

Section: Source Of the Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…These occurrences are too distant from the Moldanubian Zone. Apart from this zone, there are only two other known proximal occurrences of granulites and eclogites -the Góry Sowie Block and the Śnieźnik area complex in the Western Sudetes (Smulikowski 1967;Oberc 1972;Kryza et al 1996;O'Brien et al 1997). They are, however, too small to be a regionally important source of clastic material.…”

Section: Source Of the Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Provenance of the detrital garnets and spinels from the Albian sediments of the Czorsztyn Unit (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Aubrecht¹,

Méres²,

Sýkora³

et al. 2009

Geologica Carpathica

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According to earlier concepts, the Czorsztyn Unit (Oravic Superunit, Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians) sedimented on the isolated Czorsztyn Swell which existed in the Middle Jurassic-Late Cretaceous time in the realm of the Outer Western Carpathians. This paper brings new data providing an alternative interpretation of its Cretaceous evolution. They are based on heavy mineral analysis of the Upper Aptian/Lower Albian sediments of the Czorsztyn Unit. They rest upon a karstified surface after a Hauterivian-Aptian emersion and are represented by condensed, red marly organodetritic limestones with some terrigenous admixture (Chmielowa Formation). The heavy mineral spectrum is dominated by spinels, followed by garnet, with lesser amounts of zircon, rutile and tourmaline. The composition of the majority of the detrital garnets shows that they were derived from primary HP/UHP parental rocks which were recrystallized under granulite and amphibolite facies conditions. The garnets were most probably derived directly from the magmatic and metamorphic rocks of the Oravic basement, as the high-pyrope garnets are known to be abundant in Mesozoic sediments all over the Outer Western Carpathians. The presence of spinels is surprising. According to their chemistry, they were mostly derived from mid-oceanic ridge basalts (MORB) peridotites, supra-subduction zone peridotites (harzburgites) and transitional lherzolite/ harzburgite types. Only a lesser amount of spinels was derived from volcanics of BABB composition (back-arc basin basalts). The presence of this ophiolitic detritus in the Czorsztyn Unit is difficult to explain. Ophiolitic detritus appeared in the Aptian/Albian time only in the units which were considered to be more distant, because they were situated at the boundary between the Central and the Outer Western Carpathians (Klape Unit, Tatric and Fatric domains). The hypothetical Exotic Ridge which represented an accretionary wedge in front of the overriding Western Carpathian internides was considered to be a source of the clastics. In previous paleogeographical reconstructions, the Czorsztyn Unit was situated north of the Pieniny Trough (considered to be one of the branches of the Penninic-Vahic Ocean). In the trough itself, the ophiolitic detritus appeared as late as in the Senonian and there was no way it could reach the Czorsztyn Swell which was considered to be an isolated elevation. The new results presented herein show that these reconstructions do not fit the obtained data and infer a possibility that the Czorsztyn sedimentary area was not isolated in the Cretaceous time and it was situated closer to the Central Carpathian units than previously thought. A new paleogeographical model of the evolution of the Pieniny Klippen Belt is presented in the paper: Oravic segment was derived from the Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif by the Middle Jurassic rifting which caused block tilting where most of the Oravic units were arranged north of the Czorsztyn Swell. The Oravic segment was situated in...

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Section: Source Of the Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Source Of the Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provenance of the detrital garnets and spinels from the Albian sediments of the Czorsztyn Unit (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Aubrecht¹,

Méres²,

Sýkora³

et al. 2009

Geologica Carpathica

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“…900 o C, with late decompressive re-equilibration over a range of 4 -10 kbar as temperatures decreased to 600 -700 o C [15,16]. The latter metamorphic event in the granulites probably coincided with the peak of metamorphism and anatexis in the surrounding gneisses.…”

Section: The Góry Sowie Massifmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This concept is essentially consistent with much geochronological data obtained over the past twenty years in the Góry Sowie Massif. The granulite-facies metamorphism dated at 401.5±0.9 Ma [16], or 395±3 Ma [18] was soon followed in that area by a rapid decompression to amphibolite facies conditions. The latter temperature-dominated metamorphism took place between ca.…”

Section: The Góry Sowie Massifmentioning

confidence: 99%

The crust beneath the Polish Sudetes: evidence from a gneiss xenolith in Tertiary basanite from Paszowice

Oberc-Dziedzic

Kryza

2009

Geodinamica Acta

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Xenoliths found in basaltic lavas provide useful information about the materials of the Earth crust and mantle sampled by the lava on its way to the surface, and they help to extend our interpretations based on geophysical data. A garnet-biotite-hornblende-gneiss xenolith (min. ca. 40 cm across) was drilled at a depth of ca. 18 m in a Tertiary basanite flow at Paszowice village near Jawor, in the easternmost part of the Kaczawa Mountains, central Sudetes (SW Poland). Based on petrography, geochemistry and thermobarometry, the xenolith is interpreted to have been formed at deep crustal levels from a metasedimentary rock. The maximum PT conditions recorded in the gneiss (T 700-740 o C, P ca. 10 kbar) indicate that the main metamorphic event took place at a depth of 25-30 km, thus corresponding to the present-day lower crustal level defined on geophysical constraints. The gneiss xenolith contains four zircon populations, as revealed by U-Pb SHRIMP analyses: (1) 1.7 -2.1 Ga, (2) 547 -623 Ma, (3) 473 -494 Ma, and (4) 354 -437 Ma. The zircons of the youngest group (4) are interpreted to have originated during a metamorphic episode, at ca. 374±13 Ma, corresponding well with the HT-MP major metamorphic event in the neighboring Góry Sowie gneisses and migmatites. A range of features (e.g. the good preservation of the xenolith, lack of significant chemical and thermal interaction with the lava) suggest that the gneiss was sampled by the rising lava on the final path of the magma to the surface, probably from a depth of less than ca. 10 km. That means that the upper crust below this region (underlying the low-grade metamorphic Kaczawa Complex) contains gneisses originally derived from deep-crustal levels, and similar to those locally exposed in the neighborhood (e.g. in the Góry Sowie Massif to the south-east). This interpretation extends our knowledge about the structure and composition of the crust in the eastern part of the European Variscides, which otherwise is inferred only from geophysical data.

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“…Representative analyses of the garnets from various rocks (kimberlites, garnet peridotites, UHP eclogites, eclogites, HP granulites, LP granulites, retrograde eclogites), were taken from the following papers: garnets from HP granulites in the Góry Sowie Mts. (O'Brien et al 1997); garnets from peridotites, eclogites and granulites from the Bohemian Massif (Messiga and Bettini 1990;Nakamura et al 2004;Seifert and Vrána 2005;Vrána et al 2005;Medaris et al 2006a,b;Janoušek et al 2006Janoušek et al , 2007Racek et al 2008); garnets from HP and UHP eclogites and garnet peridotites from the Norway Western Gneiss Region (Krogh Ravna and Terry 2004); garnets from kimberlites (Schulze 1997); garnets from eclogites with inclusions of diamond (Schulze 1997); garnets from HP granulites, from UHP eclogites with inclusions of coesite and from garnet peridotites from the Saxonian Erzgebirge and Granulitgebirge (Massonne and Bautsch 2004). The resulting triangular diagram was divided to three sectors -A, B, C, with the latter subdivided into the sectors C1 and C2 (see Text-figs 6, 7, white fields): (A) garnets from high pressure (HP) and ultrahigh pressure (UHP) conditions; (B) garnets from HP eclogite and HP granulite facies conditions; and (C) garnets from amphibolite facies conditions: Subsector C1 represents a transitional subgroup metamorphosed under transitional P-T conditions between the granulite and amphibolite facies conditions and Subsector C2 represents a subgroup of amphibolite facies conditions.…”

Section: Composition Of the Detrital Garnetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High (ultrahigh) pressure metamorphic terrane rocks as the source of the detrital garnets from the Middle Jurassic sands and sandstones of the Cracow Region (Cracow-Wieluń Upland, Poland)

Méres¹,

Aubrecht²,

Gradziński³

et al. 2012

Acta Geologica Polonica

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ABSTRACT:Aubrecht, R., Méres, Š., Gradziński, M. and Sýkora, M. 2012. High (ultrahigh) pressure metamorphic terrane rocks as the source of the detrital garnets from the Middle Jurassic sands and sandstones of the Cracow Region (CracowWieluń Upland, Poland). Acta Geologica Polonica, 62 (2), 231-245. Warszawa.The Middle Jurassic (Upper Bathonian/Lower Callovian) sands and sandstones of the Cracow-Wieluń Upland contain detrital garnets with high contents of the pyrope molecule (30-73 mol %). The predominance of detrital pyrope garnets, and inclusions represented mainly by omphacite and kyanite, show that the garnets were derived from high (ultrahigh) pressure (H/UHP) metamorphic terrane rocks (garnet peridotites, eclogites and granulites). Their source is unknown. The Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif is closely comparable. However, the terranes between this zone and the Cracow-Wieluń Upland are dominated by almandine garnets. The relatively low proportion of almandine garnets in the examined samples indicates that transport of the detrital material could not have been from a far distant source as the garnet assemblage would otherwise be strongly dominated by almandine. A less distant possible source could have been the Góry Sowie Mts., which incorporate UHP/HP metamorphic rocks, but the exposed areal extent of these rocks is too small. It is possible that larger portions of these metamorphic rocks are buried beneath the Cenozoic cover and might have earlier represented a larger source area. Reworking of the entire heavy mineral spectra from older clastics is improbable because of the low maturity of the heavy mineral assemblages (higher proportion of less stable minerals). The source area therefore remains unknown. Most probably it was formed by primary crystalline complexes of lower crust to mantle origin, outcrops of which were not far distant from the area of deposition. Similar detrital garnet compositions were also recorded in the Outer Western Carpathians (Flysch Zone, Pieniny Klippen Belt), i.e. the crustal segments which formed the Silesian and Magura cordilleras; the Czorsztyn Swell was also formed by similar rocks.

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Petrological and Isotopic Studies on Palaeozoic High-pressure Granulites, Gory Sowie Mts, Polish Sudetes

Cited by 101 publications

References 51 publications

Provenance of the detrital garnets and spinels from the Albian sediments of the Czorsztyn Unit (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Provenance of the detrital garnets and spinels from the Albian sediments of the Czorsztyn Unit (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

The crust beneath the Polish Sudetes: evidence from a gneiss xenolith in Tertiary basanite from Paszowice

High (ultrahigh) pressure metamorphic terrane rocks as the source of the detrital garnets from the Middle Jurassic sands and sandstones of the Cracow Region (Cracow-Wieluń Upland, Poland)

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