Petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of mined coals, western Venezuela

Hackley, Paul C.; Warwick, Peter D.; González, Eligio

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2005.02.006

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Earlier Palaeocene lignites also contain high levels of inertinite (Potter et al 1991;Demchuk 1993;Hackley et al 2005). These data support the recent model (Berner 2006) of near-modern oxygen levels between 18.5 and 19.8% for 50-70 Ma.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Episodic fire, runoff and deposition at the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary

Collinson

Steart

Scott

et al. 2007

JGS

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Qualitative and quantitative coal petrological analyses have been undertaken on the laminated lignite at the base of the Cobham Lignite Bed, from Scalers Hill, Kent, England. The maximum negative carbon isotope excursion, which marks the beginning of the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), occurs near the top of the laminated lignite. The lignite contains inertinite, a petrographic term used to describe charcoal. The laminated lignite has inertinite-rich and inertinite-poor layers indicative of episodic fires and post-fire erosion. Charcoal clasts are derived from living or recently senesced plants and are dominated by the leaf stalks of herbaceous ferns and wood fragments from flowering plants. The charcoal assemblage reflects a low-diversity flora, possibly adapted to disturbance by fire, derived from a source vegetation subjected to seasonal surface wildfires. The environmental conditions leading up to and across the onset of the PETM are, therefore, interpreted as incorporating a persistent fire regime with episodic wildfires followed by rainfall and runoff events. Abundant charcoal indicates near-modern oxygen levels whereas the absence of charred peat in this area calls into question previous suggestions that burning of Palaeocene peats might have contributed to the short-lived negative carbon isotope excursion at the Palaeocene-Eocene boundary.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Episodic fire, runoff and deposition at the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary

Collinson

Steart

Scott

et al. 2007

JGS

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“…X-ray fluorescence (XRF) using Panalytical Axios equipment was used to determine S, Si, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Mn and Ti on ashes obtained at 525°C in an open muffle furnace (Hackley et al 2005). Cl and Br were separately determined in the whole sample by X-ray fluorescence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrography, biomarker composition, mineralogy, inorganic geochemistry and paleodepositional environment of coals from La Ballesta mine, Peñarroya Basin, Spain

et al. 2017

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Purpose The purpose of this work is to study coal samples from various exposed seams of the La Ballesta mine, at the southeastern edge of the Peñarroya-Belmez-Espiel coalfield, southwestern Spain. Shaly seat-and caprocks were also investigated. Method Petrographic, palynological, and biomarker analyses were carried out. The major elements were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The trace elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results The Pennsylvanian (Westphalian)-age, high volatile bituminous coal studied is a humic coal with vitrinite concentrations of over 86% on a minerals-free basis and low amounts of liptinite and inertinite. The coals have a relatively higher volatile matter yields than the bituminous coals in western areas of the basin with similar vitrinite reflectance values and present both a dark and a light variety of vitrinite. The dark variety is more abundant in the low ash coals considered to have been formed in nearby lacustrine settings. The mineral assemblage of the coals and non-coal (roof and floor) rocks from the La Ballesta mine is dominated by quartz, kaolinite and illite, with minor to trace proportions of epigenetic carbonates, anatase, and K-feldspar, among others. Conclusions Concentrations of B and B/Be ratios, along with other data, suggest that the La Ballesta coals may have originated from topogenous mires that developed next to lacustrine settings. Coal seams 9, 9bis, and 14 were probably more restricted systems than coaly shale 15, the latter corresponding to swamps associated with alluvial and floodplain environments. Abnormally high concentrations of trace elements such as Li, Rb, Cs, Sc, V and Cr might be explained by the input of detrital minerals into the Peñarroya Basin from the outcropping Precambrian and Lower Palaeozoic rocks to the northeast. In this regard, elemental ratios such as Al 2 O 3 /TiO 2 for the samples suggest that the modes of occurrence of the trace elements, and the minerals, in La Ballesta coals and non-coal rocks are to be mainly attributed to detrital input from felsic to intermediate metamorphic rocks. Keywords Bituminous C coal Á La Ballesta mine Á Peñarroya-Belmez-Espiel coalfield Á Petrography Á Geochemistry Resumen Objetivo El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar una serie de muestras de carbón de varios mantos aflorantes de la mina La Ballesta, en el margen suroriental de la cuenca minera de Peñarroya-Belmez-Espiel, suroeste de España. Las correspondientes lutitas infra-y suprayacentes también fueron investigadas. Métodos Análisis petrográficos, palinológicos y de biomarcadores fueron realizados. Los elementos mayoritarios se analizaron por fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF). Los

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“…Significant works on the phosphorous content of coals have been carried out by many workers, viz., Gluskoter et al (1977), Zhou et al (1982), Kilby (1986), Hill (1988), Burchill et al (1990), Goodarzi et al (1990), Bohor and Triplehorn (1993), Raza et al (1995), Ryan and Boehner (1995), Ward et al (1996), Ward (2016), Seredin (1996), Walsh (1997, 1999), Hower et al (1999), Burger et al (2000Burger et al ( , 2002, Willett et al (2000), Mardon and Hower (2004), Dai et al (2012a), Moore and Esmaeili (2012), Seredin and Dai (2012), Spears (2012) and Dai et al (2015a). Apatite is the most common phosphorous-bearing minerals found in coal (Ward et al 1996;Ward 2002;Querol et al 1997;Reifenstein et al 1999;Wang 2009;Hackley et al 2005;Kalkreuth et al 2006;Dawson et al 2012;Hower et al 2012). In addition to apatite, Mahony et al (1981) noted the presence of evansite and wavellite in some British coals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrographic controls on phosphorous distribution in coal seams of the Jharia basin, India

et al. 2019

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In recent years, the international coking coal market is experiencing an acute shortage of coal supply which has caused a fluctuation in its price. Degradation of coke, in the blast furnace, is largely controlled by its inherent mineral matter. Phosphorous occurs in all coals in minor or trace amounts and is an important parameter to coal users, particularly in steel industries. The mode of occurrence and distribution of phosphorous minerals in 17 coal samples of the Jharia coal basin were investigated through petrographic examinations, technological characterisation and phosphorous distribution. The results reveal that the dull bands are eight times more enriched in phosphorous than the bright bands. The macerals of the inertinite group and mineral matter positively correlate with the phosphorous content, whereas vitrinite macerals have an apathetic correlation. The impact of the thermal alterations is localised and diminishes away from the contact of the intrusion. In contrast, the faulting does not appear to have any effect on the phosphorous content.

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Petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of mined coals, western Venezuela

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Episodic fire, runoff and deposition at the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary

Episodic fire, runoff and deposition at the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary

Petrography, biomarker composition, mineralogy, inorganic geochemistry and paleodepositional environment of coals from La Ballesta mine, Peñarroya Basin, Spain

Petrographic controls on phosphorous distribution in coal seams of the Jharia basin, India

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