Petrophysical properties of a siltstone reservoir - An example from the Montney Formation, western Canada

Vaisblat, Noga; Harris, Nicholas B.; Ayrancı, Korhan; Chalaturnyk, Rick; Power, Matthew; Twemlow, Cory E.; Minion, Nik

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105431

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Moreover, a higher reservoir pressure generally leads to more adsorbed gas in the reservoir or desorbed gas at the surface, in agreement with the positive correlation among these variables in Figure 12. Previous studies showed that porosity contribution by organic matter was minor in the Montney Formation [33], and organic matter (especially solid bitumen) may have even occluded inter-grain pores in Montney Formation reservoirs [25]. These observations are consistent with the weak (either positive or negative) correlations between the variables across clusters C1 and C3 in Figure 12.…”

Section: Usefulness Of Canister Core Desorptionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Characteristics of Canister Core Desorption Gas from Unconventional Reservoirs and Applications to Improve Assessment of Hydrocarbons-in-Place

Cui¹,

Nassichuk²,

Wilson³

2022

Minerals

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Canister core desorption has been successfully applied to coal-bed methane evaluation and exploitation as the technique eliminates the need for time-consuming down-hole fluid retrieval through flow testing. The technique has also been used for the evaluation and exploration of early-stage tight and shale gas reservoirs in recent years, although its success and applicability are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed a comprehensive canister desorption data set on 230 core samples from nine exploration wells drilled into the Montney Formation in northeastern British Columbia part of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). The purpose of the study was to illustrate the desorption characteristics of tight rocks and the relationship to reservoir properties and operational parameters. Based on the measured core properties (e.g., porosity, fluid saturation, permeability, total organic carbon (TOC) content, and adsorption isotherms) of canister samples and adjacent core samples, non-isothermal gas transport in cores was modeled to quantify the lost gas during core recovery and lost gas time at the surface. Gas volumes were measured and subsampled by canister desorption tests. The results show that the gas contents measured by on-site canister desorption only accounts for a minor (but significant) portion (about 2 to 25%) of the total gas-in-place in the Montney Formation cores, with the lower percentages being associated with samples of better reservoir qualities (e.g., higher porosity). Over 60–90% (mainly free gas) of the total gas-in-place can be lost during core recovery, and up to 10% can be lost at surface, prior to canister desorption. The measured canister desorption gas is mainly from adsorbed gas, and hence shows strong positive correlation to TOC content. The study shows that the current canister desorption test method severely underestimates in-situ gas content because it fails to correctly estimate the total lost gas content, limiting the successful application of the desorption technique. Nevertheless, the bulk properties and molecular compositions of the desorption gases are strongly correlated to those of the gases produced in the same area, exhibiting distinctive gas composition profiles throughout core desorption for different reservoir types or thermal maturity, and thus can provide invaluable information for the initial evaluation of unconventional plays. A workflow of EOS-based PVT property and compositional modeling is proposed to integrate the core desorption gas test results with core analysis data and mud gas and/or produced gas data for improved characterization of in situ reservoir fluids, and hence, better assessments of hydrocarbons-in-place and evaluations of tight and shale reservoirs.

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Section: Usefulness Of Canister Core Desorptionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Characteristics of Canister Core Desorption Gas from Unconventional Reservoirs and Applications to Improve Assessment of Hydrocarbons-in-Place

Cui¹,

Nassichuk²,

Wilson³

2022

Minerals

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“…Additionally, the bridging effect of divalent cations between the rock surface and oil contributes to the increased attraction. 4 The interaction energy between the rock and NPs is calculated through the DLVO theory. The results indicate that the interaction energy values between NPs and both quartz and clay minerals are higher than those between NPs and both calcite and hydrocarbon residue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these unconventional reservoirs present significant challenges for exploitation due to their low permeability and unfavorable wettability characteristics. Numerous analytical studies have highlighted the presence of abundant nanopores and occasional micrometer-sized pores in these reservoirs, − which significantly impact permeability. For instance, research on the Bakken shale samples has identified the presence of micro-, meso-, and macropores, with mesopores being predominant.…”

Section: Introductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evidence on Nanoparticle Adsorption and Wettability Alteration for Enhancing Oil Recovery from Tight Rocks

Yuan,

Dehghanpour

2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this study, we investigate the effects of highly surfacemodified silica nanoparticles (NPs) on rock−fluid interactions and imbibition oil recovery from tight rocks. The protocol consists of the following steps: (1) measuring the fluid properties of NP solutions, including interfacial tension (IFT), particle size distribution, and zeta potential; (2) evaluating the efficiency of NPs on wettability change and enhanced oil recovery by conducting systematic contact angle and imbibition tests; (3) visualizing NP adsorption on rock surfaces before and after NP treatment through SEM/ EDS analysis; and (4) evaluating the change of adhesion forces between a silica tip and the rock surface with and without NPs using atomic force microscopy analysis. Our results indicate that adding NPs reduces oil−water IFT values from 15 to less than 4 mN/m, and alters the initial natural-wet rocks toward more water-wet. The IFT reduction and wettability alteration can explain the improved oil recovery by NP solutions. Compared to the base cases with less than 10% oil recovery factor, the oil recovery factor from the oil-saturated samples soaked in NP solutions is enhanced, ranging from 15.2 to 26.1%. Increasing the concentration of NPs beyond the critical micelle concentration results in more oil recovery because a higher NP concentration ensures a sufficient supply for the extensive pore surfaces in tight rocks. Increasing salinity results in less oil recovery due to weaker osmosis and less wettability alteration and an enhanced cation bridging effect. Based on the interaction energy calculation for the rock−water−NPs system using the DLVO theory, NP adsorption primarily occurs on carbonate or hydrocarbon residue surfaces. The adsorption of NPs on the rock surface is proportional to NP concentrations, and the adhesion force between the rock surface and the silica tip increases after NP adsorption. This can be explained by higher adhesion energy between the rock surface and NPs obtained from the interaction energy profiles. By increasing salinity, the energy barrier for NPs to adsorb on the rock surface reduces, enhancing NP adsorption.

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“…In high-quality reservoirs, sand bodies within distinct sedimentary facies undergo varying physical alterations across different regions [22,32]. At the leading edge of the submerged braided river delta, the erosive impact of the river diminishes significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Large-Scale Mono-Block Gas Field Developed in Delta-Front Sandstone—A Case Study from Zhongqiu 1 Gas Field in the Tarim Basin

Zhu,

Du,

Dong

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Taking the Zhongqiu 1 Gas Field in the Tarim Basin as an example, the heterogeneity of large-scale mono-block gas fields and their primary controlling factors have been analyzed. Based on drilling core data, well log data, scanning electron microscopy, thin-section analysis, and mercury injection experiments, combining sedimentological interpretation, research on the reservoir characteristics and variability was carried out. The results showed that: (1) The lithologic characteristics showed obvious variations among wells in the Zhongqiu 1 gas field. Specifically, the main lithology developed in the Zhongqiu 1 well is feldspar lithic sandstone, while the remaining wells predominantly consist of lithic feldspar sandstone. These differences in rock composition maturity reveal that a higher proportion of stable mineral components leads to poorer reservoir properties; (2) the main factors controlling oil and gas productivity include the variations in petrology, mineralogy, and diagenetic process characteristics. The high content of unstable mineral components and constructive diagenesis could increase reservoir porosity together. (3) Sedimentary facies of the Bashijiqike Formation in the Zhongqiu 1 Gas Field played a dominant role in the reservoir distribution. The division of sedimentary facies zones reflects variations in material composition and grain size, serving as the main material basis for reservoirs. Differences in mineral composition reflect the sedimentary environment of the reservoir. Additionally, mineral composition indicates the relationship between diagenetic processes and reservoir evolution. The high feldspar content in well ZQ1 corresponded to relatively favorable reservoir properties. The dominant feldspar type was plagioclase, suggesting that early-stage chemical weathering had undergone significant alteration. The above conclusions provided a microscopic perspective to explain the differences in oil and gas production capacity of large delta-front gas fields, serving as a geological basis for the exploration and exploitation of similar fields.

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Petrophysical properties of a siltstone reservoir - An example from the Montney Formation, western Canada

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Characteristics of Canister Core Desorption Gas from Unconventional Reservoirs and Applications to Improve Assessment of Hydrocarbons-in-Place

Characteristics of Canister Core Desorption Gas from Unconventional Reservoirs and Applications to Improve Assessment of Hydrocarbons-in-Place

Experimental Evidence on Nanoparticle Adsorption and Wettability Alteration for Enhancing Oil Recovery from Tight Rocks

Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of Large-Scale Mono-Block Gas Field Developed in Delta-Front Sandstone—A Case Study from Zhongqiu 1 Gas Field in the Tarim Basin

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