Petty corruption in the public sector: A comparative study of three East African countries through a behavioural lens

Baez-Camargo, Claudia; Bukuluki, Paul; Sambaiga, Richard F.; Gatwa, Tharcisse; Kassa, Saba; Stahl, Cosimo

doi:10.1080/00020184.2020.1803729

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar cases of police bribery have been reported in Kenya, Zimbabwe, South Africa, and Congo during the COVID-19 pandemic [39]. Baez-Camargo, Bukuluki [40], confirms corruption in Uganda's health system is present in all parts of the country. Previous literature, comments on how corruption is considered normal, and how people have gone ahead to manipulate such situations for their financial benefit [41,42].…”

Section: Plos Global Public Healthsupporting

confidence: 68%

Community mask wearing as a COVID-19 preventive measure, its barriers, and motivators among rural households of Uganda: A mixed methods approach

Lubega

Mendoza

Nkeramahame

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Adherence to mask wearing has the potential to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 acquisition risk. However, there is limited information about community mask wearing and its predictors among rural populations. This study aimed to assess the level of adherence to community mask wearing as a COVID-19 prevention measure, its barriers, and motivators among the Ugandan rural population of Wakiso District. This cross-sectional study utilised both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. The quantitative component employed a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire among 400 participants, to assess the level of adherence and associated predictors towards mask wearing. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard error estimates was used to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios associated with mask wearing. Quantitative data analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 Statistical software. The qualitative component was used to further explore the barriers and motivators of community mask wearing whereseven focus group discussions among 56 community health workers were conducted. Data was analysed using a thematic approach with the help of Nvivo Version 12 software. The quantitative results showed that 70.8% (283/400) of the participants were adherent to mask wearing. Furthermore, reusable (cloth masks) were the most common form of face masks worn by the participants; 71.9% (282/400). Adequate knowledge about mask wearing as a COVID-19 prevention measure was positively associated with mask wearing (adjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI); 3.2 (1.19–8.56)). The qualitative results revealed; sensitization from health workers, provision of free masks, and fear of fines and arrests as motivators to mask wearing. Barriers to mask wearing included: inability to buy masks due to financial constraints, one-time provision of free masks, ill-fitting and worn-out masks, discomfort, and bribery. The practice of community mask wearing was sub-optimal among the study rural communities. Initiatives to scale up the practice need to be feasible for rural communities.

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Section: Plos Global Public Healthsupporting

confidence: 68%

Community mask wearing as a COVID-19 preventive measure, its barriers, and motivators among rural households of Uganda: A mixed methods approach

Lubega

Mendoza

Nkeramahame

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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“…Social conduct is developed and continued through imitating others' behavior (Akers et al , 1979). Perception that petty corruption is prevalent, essential, and acceptable by most community members presents social pressures that are hard to resist even when the person defines this practice as corrupt (Baez-Camargo et al , 2020). Similarly, the higher the perceived corruption in an organization, the more probable that a person dealing with it is going to offer a bribe (Čábelková and Hanousek, 2004, p. 396).…”

Section: Design and Empirical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a survey study that extends the new interest in applying the social psychology dimension to corruption studies. Recently, some corruption studies included the effect of social dimension on petty corruption such as previous experience (Li and Meng, 2020), social norms (Nicaise, 2021;Asiedu, 2020) and norms and social pressure (Baez Camargo et al, 2020). Tavits (2010) uses surveys conducted by Estonian Ministry of Justice to examine three aspects of the social learning theory of crime and deviance that shape people's decision to get involved in bribing public officials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public attitude as a determinant of petty corruption in Egypt: a survey study

Kamel

Wahab

Ashmawy

2021

JHASS

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PurposeThe aim of the study is to examine the effect of public attitude on petty corruption.Design/methodology/approachThis is a survey study on customers of a licenses providing authority (N = 390) in Cairo, Egypt. The authors use Akers social learning theory of crime and deviance and take into consideration criticisms of it. The authors control for individual and organizational level determinants that are identified by scholars as influencing people's attitudes toward corruption and which could be known through the authority customers' experiences. Because the dependent variable is binary, whether a person paid a bribe during last transaction with this authority or not, the authors use binary logistic regression.FindingsThe findings indicate that people are more likely to engage in petty corruption when they see it as acceptable, have previous petty corruption experience and when they use a mediator. Also, of those who dealt with that civil service authority during and directly after the 25th of January Revolution (N = 161) 31% reported that they did not engage in petty corruption in comparison to previous years. They referred this to a change in attitude at the time.Originality/valueThe policy implications of the research are important. Social science theories could generate cultural and policy relevant solutions for petty corruption; however, they have not been taken full advantage of. Also, experience-based country-specific corruption survey studies are important input for an effective anti-corruption policy.

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“…Necessary conditions for effective work to combat corruption have been introduced into the Russian legislation, but in order to create sufficient conditions [1] , it is necessary to activate anti-corruption enforcement in all the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data and factors analysis of anti-corruption environment components of Russian public authorities

Astafurova

Golomanchuk

2021

SHS Web Conf.

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The paper is devoted to the examination of functional features of anti-corruption activities in Russian public government bodies and authorities using the cognitive modeling method . Currently, a contradictory situation is observed in corruption related assessment practice. At present, the leadership of public authorities reports on a decrease in acts of corruption whereas the statistics testify rather to the persistence of the previous level of corruption offenses than to the decline. Employees are concerned about the increasing requirements related to compliance with anti-corruption restrictions, as well as income, expenses and property obligations reporting. Citizens continue to express distrust in government bodies and state apparatus as a whole. These contradictions could be resolved if the interests of both employees of state bodies and citizens of the country are taken into account. It is assumed that when assessing anti-corruption environment effectiveness, it is advisable to take into account not only the risks of citizens, but also the risks of public officials and state authority’s employees. We applied cognitive modeling as it is difficult to formalize most stages of government bodies` activities, whereas we need to take into account many factors and conflicting goals that have complex weakly structured relationships. Fishbone Diagram or Cause-and-Effect-Diagram and the cognitive map were basic initial stage of cognitive modeling which allowed conducting the analysis of external and internal factors influence on the anti-corruption environment development in government bodies. The authors of the paper have shown benefits of expediency transferring of some personnel department functions into digital format.

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Petty corruption in the public sector: A comparative study of three East African countries through a behavioural lens

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Community mask wearing as a COVID-19 preventive measure, its barriers, and motivators among rural households of Uganda: A mixed methods approach

Community mask wearing as a COVID-19 preventive measure, its barriers, and motivators among rural households of Uganda: A mixed methods approach

Public attitude as a determinant of petty corruption in Egypt: a survey study

Data and factors analysis of anti-corruption environment components of Russian public authorities

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