Pexis of the great vessels for patients with tracheobronchomalacia in infancy

Tracheomalacia in esophageal atresia. Usefulness of preoperative imaging evaluation for tailored surgical correction

“…Subsequent studies have, nevertheless, underlined that the obstructive dynamics of a TM can be influenced not only by aorta, but also by epiaortic vessels [10,11] and/or trunk of the pulmonary artery with its 2 principal branches [12]. The situation can be further complicated if it is present a right aortic arch.…”

Review of pediatric airway malacia and its management, with emphasis on stenting

“…Kamata et al distinguished the roles of aortopexy versus PA pexy in a study of 14 children [33]. Their observations suggest that aortopexy is helpful to eliminate collapse of the distal trachea, the right main bronchus and the proximal half of the left main bronchus.…”

“…Khatami et al described the use of 4 Palmaz stents in 2 patients in a series of 11 infants undergoing complete repair of Tetralogy of Fallot with Absent Pulmonary valve. One child died of sepsis and the other is doing well at home at 2 years [33].…”

Tracheomalacia in oesophageal atresia: morphological considerations by endoscopic and CT study☆

“…TM is generally segmentary, located in the thoracic segment above the carina; it does not exceed 1 cm in length, and the aortic arch often significantly influences the dynamics of the obstruction [3]. Subsequent studies have, nevertheless, underlined that the obstructive dynamics of a TM can also be influenced by the epiaortic vessels [4,5], and/or the pulmonary artery [6]. The situation can be further complicated if it is present in a right aortic arch, or the malacia involve one or both main-stem bronchi, or the TM is intrinsic and is not correlated to compression by the great mediastinal vessels.…”