Pfmdr1 gene polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from asymptomatic individuals of Dienga, southeastern Gabon

Pegha-Moukandja, Irene; Kouna, Lady Charlene; Maghendji-Nzdondo, Sydney; Biteghe-Bi-Essone, Jean Claude; Voumbo-Matoumona, Dominique Fatima; Ndouo, Fousseyni S. Touré; Lékana-Douki, Jean Bernard

doi:10.4066/2591-7846.1000024

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References 37 publications

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“…Data reveals high prevalences of N86, 184F and D1246 alleles in comparison to the 86Y, Y184, and 1246Y alleles. Similar results were previously reported in Gabon, 20,23 as well as in Nigeria 37 and Burkina-Faso. 42 A Kenyan study associated the increased prevalence of CQ-susceptible N86 and D1246 alleles, and the corresponding decline of the CQresistance-associated Pfmdr1 mutations 86Y and 1246Y, with CQ withdrawal 19 years earlier.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…22 On the other hand, studies reveal an increased prevalence of Pfmdr1 polymorphisms associated with resistance across the country (Franceville, Koula-Moutou, Fougamou, Lastoursville, Dienga). 17,20,23 However, when we examine these studies, they do not always provide an overview of the prevalence of markers of resistance. Data from the continent indicate that the inclusion of both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals for assessment of the prevalence may provide a better insight into the prevalence of infection and the distribution of genetic markers of resistance in infected population, especially since some Pfmdr1 and Pfcrt genotypes are shown to have a distinct prevalence according clinical status.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Differential Prevalences of Pfmdr1 Polymorphisms in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Infections in Lastoursville: A Rural Area in East-Central Gabon

Ontoua

Kouna

Oyegue-Liabagui

et al. 2021

IDR

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Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance mediated by polymorphisms in the Pfmdr1 gene contributes to the persistence of the disease on the African continent. This study investigated P. falciparum infection features and differences in the Pfmdr1 genotypes between symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria cases in a rural area in east-central Gabon.Patients and Methods: A total of 875 children aged from 5 to 185 months were screened for P falciparum infection using Optima-IT ® rapid diagnostic tests and standard microscopy. Pfmdr1 polymorphisms at codons 86, 184 and 1246 were investigated using PCR-RFLP. Results: Among the 448 P. falciparum-infected children, 57.08% (n=250) were symptomatic and 42.92% (n=198) were asymptomatic (p < 0.0001). In a sub-set of 79 isolates, the Pfmdr1 wild-type N86 was more prevalent in symptomatic (100%) than in asymptomatic infections (70.7%) (p=0.007). The mutant 86Y and mixed 86N/Y genotypes were observed only in asymptomatic infections. The Y184 and 184F genotype prevalences (39.1% vs 19.4% and 60.9% vs 80.6%, respectively) were not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.097). The prevalence of the wild-type D1246 differed significantly between symptomatic (10.3%) and asymptomatic (100%) (p < 0.0001). The NFD and YFD haplotypes were more prevalent in asymptomatic than in symptomatic infections [(61.9% vs 31%; p=0.005) and (16.7% vs 0.0%; p=0.01)], whereas the NYD and YYD haplotypes were not significantly different between the two groups [(21.4% vs 14.3%, p=0.39) and (0.0% vs 7.1%, p=0.24)]. Conclusion: Our results confirm a high transmission of P. falciparum infection in rural Gabon, with a high prevalence of asymptomatic carriage. The higher prevalences of wildtype N86 in symptomatic infections and of D1246 in asymptomatic infections suggest a pathogenicity associated with polymorphisms in Pfmdr1. These results highlight the need to monitor the efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies in Gabon.

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confidence: 91%