The Ca 2؉ -sensing receptor protein and the Ca 2؉ -inhibitable type 6 adenylyl cyclase mRNA are present in a defined segment of the rat renal tubule leading to the hypothesis of their possible functional co-expression in a same cell and thus to a possible inhibition of cAMP content by extracellular Ca 2؉ . By using microdissected segments, we compared the properties of regulation of extracellular Ca 2؉ ] e also stimulates phospholipase C activity in parathyroid cells (3, 4) and inhibits hormonedependent cAMP accumulation (5), but, so far, no interaction between these two transduction pathways has been established. The presence of BoPCaR1 in parathyroid cells explains the crucial role of [Ca 2ϩ ] e to elicit a negative feedback on parathyroid hormone secretion (6, 7). In rat kidney, a predominant expression of RaKCaR mRNA has been localized in the cortical portion of the thick ascending limb (8, 9), a segment which ensures cAMP-stimulated paracellular Ca 2ϩ reabsorption, from the lumen of the renal tubule to the extracellular fluid compartments (10). A functional Ca 2ϩ receptor is expressed in the plasma membrane of the rat and mouse cortical thick ascending limb (CTAL) as evidenced by the properties of the dose-dependent increase in the concentration of intracellular calcium ([Ca 2ϩ ] i ) as a function of peritubular [Ca 2ϩ ] e (11, 12). High [Ca 2ϩ ] e (5 mM) in the mouse CTAL decreases hormonedependent cAMP accumulation, an effect which has been ascribed to a direct inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity (13).Experiments using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have shown that the rat CTAL also expresses the Ca 2ϩ -inhibitable type 6 AC mRNA (14). All the G␣ s -coupled receptors studied so far in this segment activate a single pool of AC catalytic units (15,16), and in addition, electron microscopy studies describe a single cell type in this epithelium (17). These observations lead to the hypothesis that the functional expression of the type 6 AC mRNA accounts for the hormone-dependent cAMP synthesis in the rat CTAL.The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the functional expression of the AC present in the rat CTAL and the consequences of the possible co-localization in a same cell of a Ca 2ϩ -inhibitable AC and of a Ca 2ϩ -sensing receptor on the regulation of cAMP synthesis and/or hydrolysis. In order to study the regulation of cAMP levels elicited by potentially similar or different mechanisms of action, we compared the effect of extracellular Ca 2ϩ to those of two agents also active in this segment. The first agent, angiotensin II, induces [Ca 2ϩ ] i increases in the rat CTAL (11,18). The pattern of the responses * This work was supported in part by Grant URA 1859 from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and from the CEA (DBCM, SBCe). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. ; CT...