pH and Pac1 control development and antifungal activity in Trichoderma harzianum

Moreno-Mateos, Miguel A.; Delgado-Jarana, Jesús; Codón, Antonio C.; Benı́tez, Tahı́a

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2007.07.012

Cited by 56 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The pacC/pac1 homolog of T. reesei, T. atroviride, and T. virens (TR_120698, TA_78054, and TV_40391) encodes a protein with three C2H2 zinc fingers in the N-terminal region, as is the case in N. crassa and Aspergillus spp. (1028). In T. harzianum, PAC1 is required for growth in alkaline soil and for proper biocontrol of R. solani (1028).…”

Section: C2h2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Schmoll

Dattenböck

Carreras-Villaseñor

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

165

195

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SUMMARYThe genusTrichodermacontains fungi with high relevance for humans, with applications in enzyme production for plant cell wall degradation and use in biocontrol. Here, we provide a broad, comprehensive overview of the genomic content of these species for “hot topic” research aspects, including CAZymes, transport, transcription factors, and development, along with a detailed analysis and annotation of less-studied topics, such as signal transduction, genome integrity, chromatin, photobiology, or lipid, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolism inT. reesei,T. atroviride, andT. virens, and we open up new perspectives to those topics discussed previously. In total, we covered more than 2,000 of the predicted 9,000 to 11,000 genes of eachTrichodermaspecies discussed, which is >20% of the respective gene content. Additionally, we considered available transcriptome data for the annotated genes. Highlights of our analyses include overall carbohydrate cleavage preferences due to the different genomic contents and regulation of the respective genes. We found light regulation of many sulfur metabolic genes. Additionally, a new Golgi 1,2-mannosidase likely involved inN-linked glycosylation was detected, as were indications for the ability ofTrichodermaspp. to generate hybrid galactose-containingN-linked glycans. The genomic inventory of effector proteins revealed numerous compounds unique toTrichoderma, and these warrant further investigation. We found interesting expansions in theTrichodermagenus in several signaling pathways, such as G-protein-coupled receptors, RAS GTPases, and casein kinases. A particularly interesting feature absolutely unique toT. atrovirideis the duplication of the alternative sulfur amino acid synthesis pathway.

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Section: C2h2 Zinc Finger Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Schmoll

Dattenböck

Carreras-Villaseñor

et al. 2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

165

195

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Transcriptional regulation of gene expression by pH is mediated in filamentous fungi by the zinc finger transcription factor PacC (Peñalva & Arst, 2002. Accordingly, the use of strains silenced in or expressing modified versions of the T. harzianum orthologue (pac1) indicates that pH-dependent conidiation is regulated through Pac1 (Moreno-Mateos et al, 2007).…”

Section: Acid Environments Are Associated With the Conidiation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma: sensing the environment for survival and dispersal

2012

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“…Active alteration of the ambient pH by the fungus is considered a mechanism by which fungi exploit the PacC regulation of various secreted proteins, permeases and enzymes involved in the synthesis of exported metabolites such as toxins and antibiotics (Peñalva & Arst, 2002;Prusky & Yakoby, 2003). Mutational studies have implicated Pac1 (PacC) regulation of conidiation in the T. harzianum isolate, CECT 2413 (Moreno-Mateos et al, 2007). The majority of experiments reported by Moreno-Mateos et al (2007) were carried out using pH-buffered and unbuffered minimal medium with 2 % glucose and 5 g ammonium sulphate l 21 (18.9 mM nitrogen).…”

Section: Nitrogen Regulation Of Photoconidiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutational studies have implicated Pac1 (PacC) regulation of conidiation in the T. harzianum isolate, CECT 2413 (Moreno-Mateos et al, 2007). The majority of experiments reported by Moreno-Mateos et al (2007) were carried out using pH-buffered and unbuffered minimal medium with 2 % glucose and 5 g ammonium sulphate l 21 (18.9 mM nitrogen). No major differences in phenotype associated with the buffering state were reported in that work, whereas Steyaert et al (2010b) found that conidiation was directly affected by both the ambient pH and the buffering state of the medium.…”

Section: Nitrogen Regulation Of Photoconidiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction without sex: conidiation in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma

et al. 2010

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2Lincoln Ventures Limited, PO Box 133, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand Trichoderma spp. have served as models for asexual reproduction in filamentous fungi for over 50 years. Physical stimuli, such as light exposure and mechanical injury to the mycelium, trigger conidiation; however, conidiogenesis itself is a holistic response determined by the cell's metabolic state, as influenced by the environment and endogenous biological rhythms. Key environmental parameters are the carbon and nitrogen status and the C : N ratio, the ambient pH and the level of calcium ions. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of this fungus have revealed a conserved mechanism of environmental perception through the White Collar orthologues BLR-1 and BLR-2. Also implicated in the molecular regulation are the PacC pathways and the conidial regulator VELVET. Signal transduction cascades which link environmental signals to physiological outputs have also been revealed.

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pH and Pac1 control development and antifungal activity in Trichoderma harzianum

Cited by 56 publications

References 68 publications

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species

Trichoderma: sensing the environment for survival and dispersal

Reproduction without sex: conidiation in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma

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