pH-Responsive Resveratrol-Loaded Electrospun Membranes for the Prevention of Implant-Associated Infections

Abstract

To date, the implant-associated infections represent a worldwide challenge for the recently reported bacterial drug resistance that can lead to the inefficacy or low efficacy of conventional antibiotic therapies. Plant polyphenolic compounds, including resveratrol (RSV), are increasingly gaining consensus as valid and effective alternatives to antibiotics limiting antibiotic resistance. In this study, electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) membranes loaded with different concentrations of RSV are synthesized and characterized in their chemical, morphological, and release features. The obtained data show that the RSV release rate from the PLA-membranes is remarkably higher in acidic conditions than at neutral pH. In addition, a change in pH from neutral to slightly acidic triggers a significant increase in the RSV release. This behavior indicates that the PLA-RSV membranes can act as drug reservoir when the environmental pH is neutral, starting to release the bioactive molecules when the pH decreases, as in presence of oral bacterial infection. Indeed, our results demonstrate that PLA-RSV2 displays a significant antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against two bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, and Streptococcus mutans, responsible for both acute and chronic infections in humans, thus representing a promising solution for the prevention of the implant-associated infections.

Physico-Chemical and Antiadhesive Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Grapevine Cane Extract Films against Food Pathogenic Microorganisms

“…In the film PLA-E15, a random agglomeration of extract particles is visible, suggesting that 15 wt% of the extract is very high concentration for a good and homogenous dispersion into PLA matrix. A good dispersion of the extract at a lower concentration can be explained as a response to the hydrogen bonding formation between the carbonyl groups of PLA and the hydroxyl groups of resveratrol and viniferin [40]. Similar results were obtained in our previous paper, where the addition of grapevine cane extract in thermoplastic starch led to a more dense rough surface; with a higher concentration of extract in the films, the agglomeration of extract particles occurred [36].…”

PLA Nanofibers for Microenvironmental-Responsive Quercetin Release in Local Periodontal Treatment

“…The QUE release was investigated as reported by Bonadies et al, with some modifications [ 24 ]. Briefly, electrospun membranes of similar weight were placed into individual vials covered with aluminum foil to preserve the drug from degradation caused by light.…”

Potential impact of functional biomolecules-enriched foods on human health: A randomized controlled clinical trial

“…On the other hand, fatty acids have been demonstrated to induce changes in several metabolic pathways: more in detail, they can promote the reduction of blood triglycerides and the reduction of the atherosclerotic processes affecting the main arteries, thanks to the inhibition of the synthesis of cytokines and interleukins. Finally, fatty acids have an important role in the prevention of vascular thrombosis, mainly thanks to the inhibition of the synthesis of thromboxane that causes a reduction of inflammatory response [42][43]. However, researchers say excess amounts of omega-3 fatty acids can impair immune function and even lead to a dysfunctional immune response or viral or bacterial infection [44].…”