pH-Sensitive Hydrogel for Micro-Fluidic Valve

Zhang, Yan; Liu, Zishun; Swaddiwudhipong, S.; Miao, Haiyan; Ding, Zhiwei; Yang, Zeyuan

doi:10.3390/jfb3030464

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Based on their different environmental stimulus types, as shown in Fig. 1, those models can be categorized into neutral gels [Chester and Anand, 2010;Hong et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2019b;Toh et al, 2013Toh et al, , 2015, salt concentration-sensitive gels [Wu and Li, 2018;Zheng and Liu, 2019], pH-sensitive gels [Drozdov et al, 2015;Hamzavi et al, 2016;Li et al, 2005;Toh et al, 2014b;Zhang et al, 2012], temperature-sensitive gels [Birgersson et al, 2008;Chester and Anand, 2011;Ding et al, 2016;Drozdov, 2014;Drozdov and Christiansen, 2017], photo-thermal sensitive gels [Toh et al, 2014a[Toh et al, , 2016 and magnetic sensitive gels [Hu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2017;Zhao et al, 2019]. These types of stimuli-responsive hydrogels will provide innovative and radical applications over traditional hydrogels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of the Constitutive Models of Smart Materials — Hydrogels and Shape Memory Polymers

Huang

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2020

Int. J. Appl. Mechanics

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187

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Hydrogels and shape memory polymers (SMPs) possess excellent and interesting properties that may be harnessed for future applications. However, this is not achievable if their mechanical behaviors are not well understood. This paper aims to discuss recent advances of the constitutive models of hydrogels and SMPs, in particular the theories associated with their deformations. On the one hand, constitutive models of six main types of hydrogels are introduced, the categorization of which is defined by the type of stimulus. On the other hand, constitutive models of thermal-induced SMPs are discussed and classified into three main categories, namely, rheological models; phase transition models; and models combining viscoelasticity and phase transition, respectively. Another feature in this paper is a summary of the common hyperelastic models, which can be potentially developed into the constitutive models of hydrogels and SMPs. In addition, the main advantages and disadvantages of these constitutive modes are discussed. In order to provide a compass for researchers involved in the study of mechanics of soft materials, some research gaps and new research directions for hydrogels and SMPs constitutive modes are presented. We hope that this paper can serve as a reference for future hydrogel and SMP studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of the Constitutive Models of Smart Materials — Hydrogels and Shape Memory Polymers

Huang

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2020

Int. J. Appl. Mechanics

Self Cite

187

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“…Using stimuli‐sensitive hydrogels like poly‐ N ‐isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) as active material for microfluidic valves is a common technique . Hydrogel‐based valves can be controlled by an electric or magnetic field glucose or ethanol concentrations, temperature, light, and the pH value . However, present technologies for hydrogel‐based valves lack in a method or concept, which allows the fabrication and control of microfluidic systems with tens to hundreds of valves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Integration of Microfluidic Circuits Based on Hydrogel Valves for MEMS Control

Haefner

Koerbitz

Frank

et al. 2017

Adv Materials Technologies

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Integrated circuits (ICs) are the key to powerful microarchitectures for lab on a chip applications. High actuator densities can enable the control of several thousand of reactions executed in parallel on a single chip. Hydrogels can act as self‐contained sensor–actuator materials, which control fluid flows depending on local physicochemical conditions. A concept is described for the preparation of highly integrated circuits based on stimuli‐sensitive hydrogels. The concept allows to adjust the working point and fulfill the free swelling condition of the hydrogels, which is favorable for the dynamic performance of the actuators. The components are polymerized on a glass substrate, which is also used to seal the microfluidic system. Therefore, the hydrogel integration is conducted within the standard microfluidic system set‐up procedure. For a first demonstration integration densities of microfluidic valves of up to 172 gels cm−2 in a single microfluidic circuit are realized. Furthermore, control of microfluidic valves fabricated by the demonstrated high integration procedure via an optoelectrothermic transducer setup is shown.

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“…Although the concept is insufficiently robust-after a few actuation cycles, the bending capability decreased-and it has not yet been applied to microfluidics, it may be an interesting approach for microfluidic technologies. On the theoretical side, studies have been published that computationally explore (1) the actuation behavior of pH-sensitive PHs for different microfluidic channel and hydrogel geometries [115] and (2) the deformation behavior of a pH-sensitive hydrogel microfluidic valve system in relation to fluid-structure interactions [116]. The authors described strategies for improving the response behavior of PH actuators in general (not only that of pH-sensitive ones), and provided models for the optimized design of hydrogel-based actuators.…”

Section: Ph-sensitive Phsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus-active polymer actuators for next-generation microfluidic devices

Hilber

2016

Appl. Phys. A

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Microfluidic devices have not yet evolved into commercial off-the-shelf products. Although highly integrated microfluidic structures, also known as lab-on-a-chip (LOC) and micrototal-analysis-system (lTAS) devices, have consistently been predicted to revolutionize biomedical assays and chemical synthesis, they have not entered the market as expected. Studies have identified a lack of standardization and integration as the main obstacles to commercial breakthrough. Soft microfluidics, the utilization of a broad spectrum of soft materials (i.e., polymers) for realization of microfluidic components, will make a significant contribution to the proclaimed growth of the LOC market. Recent advances in polymer science developing novel stimulus-active soft-matter materials may further increase the popularity and spreading of soft microfluidics. Stimulus-active polymers and composite materials change shape or exert mechanical force on surrounding fluids in response to electric, magnetic, light, thermal, or water/solvent stimuli. Specifically devised actuators based on these materials may have the potential to facilitate integration significantly and hence increase the operational advantage for the end-user while retaining costeffectiveness and ease of fabrication. This review gives an overview of available actuation concepts that are based on functional polymers and points out promising concepts and trends that may have the potential to promote the commercial success of microfluidics.

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pH-Sensitive Hydrogel for Micro-Fluidic Valve

Cited by 46 publications

References 30 publications

Recent Advances of the Constitutive Models of Smart Materials — Hydrogels and Shape Memory Polymers

Recent Advances of the Constitutive Models of Smart Materials — Hydrogels and Shape Memory Polymers

High Integration of Microfluidic Circuits Based on Hydrogel Valves for MEMS Control

Stimulus-active polymer actuators for next-generation microfluidic devices

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