Phage display and other peptide display technologies

Abstract

Phage display technology, which is based on the presentation of peptide sequences on the surface of bacteriophage virions, was developed over 30 years ago. Improvements in phage display systems have allowed us to employ this method in numerous fields of biotechnology, as diverse as immunological and biomedical applications, the formation of novel materials and many others. The importance of phage display platforms was recognized by awarding the Nobel Prize in 2018 “for the phage display of peptides and antibodies”. In contrast to many review articles concerning specific applications of phage display systems published in recent years, we present an overview of this technology, including a comparison of various display systems, their advantages and disadvantages, and examples of applications in various fields of science, medicine, and the broad sense of biotechnology. Other peptide display technologies, which employ bacterial, yeast and mammalian cells, as well as eukaryotic viruses and cell-free systems, are also discussed. These powerful methods are still being developed and improved; thus, novel sophisticated tools based on phage display and other peptide display systems are constantly emerging, and new opportunities to solve various scientific, medical and technological problems can be expected to become available in the near future.

Surface-modified nanotherapeutics targeting atherosclerosis

“…For example, new ligands that effectively bind these targets can be rapidly discovered using advanced phage display technology. 148,149 Thus, highly specific, non-immunogenic, and small-sized ligands, including peptides and peptidomimetics, are used in the transformation of them into nanocarriers, leading to the development of more selective and efficient nano-drug delivery systems.…”

Should Bacteriophages Be Classified as Parasites or Predators?

“…Bacteriophages (or shortly, phages) – viruses infecting bacterial cells – have been known for over 100 years, and currently they are recognized as the most abundant biological entities on Earth ( Salmond and Fineran 2015 ; Batinovic et al 2019 ). Their biological significance in the natural environment is irrefutable ( Correa et al 2021 ), and examples of their use in medicine ( Zalewska-Piątek and Piątek 2021 ) and biotechnology ( Jaroszewicz et al 2021 ) are very numerous.…”

“…Bacteriophages can be used as cloning vectors, and regulatory elements of phage genomes serve as modules in sophisticated expression vectors ( Harada et al 2018 ). Phage display, based on exposing of foreign peptides on surfaces of bacteriophage virions, plays a significant role in the development of novel and very specific antibodies or antibody-like peptides, as well as in discovering new peptides with various functions useful is many fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology ( Jaroszewicz et al 2021 ). On the other hand, bacteriophages can be dangerous for the biotechnological processes when infecting bacteria used for large-scale synthesis of various bio-products in bioreactors ( Łoś et al 2004 ).…”

PDL1Binder: Identifying programmed cell death ligand 1 binding peptides by incorporating next-generation phage display data and different peptide descriptors

“…Phage display permits high-throughput screening of peptide ligands with high affinity and specificity for almost any target of interest through several rounds of target-binding (selection) and amplification of phage display peptide libraries (Jaroszewicz et al, 2022;Ledsgaard et al, 2022). Moreover, phage display coupled with next-generation sequencing (NGPD) offers a more powerful tool to identify peptide ligands (Matochko and Derda, 2015;He et al, 2016He et al, , 2018aHe et al, , 2019cAsar et al, 2020;Pleiko et al, 2021).…”