Phagocytic activity of peripheral blood and crevicular phagocytes in health and periodontal disease

Abstract

Background:Neutrophils constitute the main phagocytic cell system in mammalian host defense against an infecting agent. Abnormalities in leukocyte number and function are associated with increased susceptibility to periodontal diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in vitro phagocytic properties of crevicular and peripheral blood neutrophils in healthy and periodontitis subjects.Patients and Methods:A total of 30 subjects, that is, 10 patients in each of the following three groups: healthy controls, chronic periodontitis (CP), and localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), were included in the study. The neutrophils were isolated from the peripheral blood and gingival crevice and tested for phagocytosis of Candida albicans. The percentage of leukocytes with ingested C. albicans was determined by light microscopy.Results:A significant reduction in the phagocytic activity of crevicular fluid polymorphonuclear neutrophils (CF-PMN) of LAP subjects (mean: 54.3±7)(P<0.001) was observed, compared to healthy controls (mean: 74.2±9) and chronic periodontitis subjects (mean: 69±9)(P=0.352). The mean percentage of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) with phagocytosis of opsonized C. albicans in LAP patients was significantly reduced (mean: 74.9±5)(P<0.0068) compared to the phagocytic activity of neutrophils from controls (mean:82.1±3) and chronic periodontitis subjects (mean: 82.0±5)(P=0.970). There was no significant reduction in the phagocytic activity of CF PMNs (mean: 69±9) (P=0.35) and peripheral blood PMNs (mean: 82.5)(P=0.97) in the chronic periodontitis group when compared to the control group.Conclusion:The phagocytic activity of both crevicular and peripheral neutrophils in subjects with periodontitis is altered, increasing the susceptibility to periodontitis. Thus individual susceptibility may be an additional and important modifying factor in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

Evaluation of the Clinical and Immunological Parameters During Treatment Chronic Periodontitis by Camelyn Mouthwash

“…According to our findings, during periodontitis before the According to the literature, during periodontitis peripheral neutrophils phagocytic activity is changing [Asif K, et al 2010]. Phagocytic index is lowered and accordingly lowers the phagocytic neutrophils percentage [Carneiro VMA et al, 2012].…”

The Effect of Systemic Doxycycline and Mechanical Therapy on GCF β-Glucuronidase Leves in Chronic Periodontitis Patients

“…This is in accordance with three previous studies. 23,33,34 Our data further show that when GCF was analyzed for the presence and levels of βG activity, the presence of detectable levels of βG was shown in all the subjects. However, the diseased patients at the baseline presented higher enzyme activity than the periodontally treated patients.…”

“…10,35 As indicated in previous studies conducted on various GCF components, including enzymes, the highest GCF βG activity was found in patients with disease when no treatment was initiated. 10,[31][32][33][34][35] This increase in βG can be attributed to the hyperactive state and pronounced response of PMN as a consequence of the severity of microbial virulence factors and also to the lytic effect of more pathogenic subgingival bacteria on host cells leading to an intense host enzyme release.…”

The role of RgpA in the pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the murine periodontitis model

“…Phagocytosis contributes to host defence by recognizing and eliminating invading pathogens (Soehnlein & Lindbom 2010). Recently, it was shown that in vitro phagocytic activity of crevicular and peripheral blood neutrophils, obtained from localized aggressive periodontitis patients, is reduced (Asif & Kothiwale 2010). To determine the ability of gingipains to disrupt phagocytosis, we used the in vivo phagocytosis assay.…”