Phalanges and the Metacarpophalangeal and Metatarsophalangeal Joints

Nixon, Alan J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-48420-6.00092-2

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…This was undertaken if palmar/plantar abnormalities were evident radiographically, osteochondral debris was loose within the joint or there were clinical concerns with respect to the palmar/plantar compartment. Thirteen (4.6%) horses underwent concurrent arthroscopy of additional joints including: middle carpal (6), antebrachiocarpal (2), femoropatellar (3), tarsocrural (1), distal and proximal interphalangeal joints (1).…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osteochondral fragmentation of the dorsal articular margin of the proximal phalanx (P1) is a frequently recognised lesion in the metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joints of racehorses [1][2][3][4][5] but is seen also in nonracing breeds [6]. The radiographic and arthroscopic features can vary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may also be single or multiple, and of various sizes and degrees of displacement [3,7]. Fragmentation is usually identified on standard radiographic projections of affected MCP/MTP joints [1]. The current treatment of choice is arthroscopic removal under general anaesthesia [8], although standing removal has also been described [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency distribution of osteochondral fragmentation of the dorsoproximal articular surface of the proximal phalanx in racing Thoroughbreds in the UK

Walsh

Smith

Wright

2018

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Dorsoproximal fragmentation of the proximal phalanx occurred most frequently medially and in the forelimbs. Sidedness was not demonstrated. Although similar to previously reported data, variance in limb distribution is evident. Further research is required to determine whether concurrent intra-articular soft tissue lesions are aetiopathogenic or an additional result of the pathological changes leading to fragmentation. Fragmentation site was not always accurately identified radiographically. The Summary is available in Spanish - see Supporting information.

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Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency distribution of osteochondral fragmentation of the dorsoproximal articular surface of the proximal phalanx in racing Thoroughbreds in the UK

Walsh

Smith

Wright

2018

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Horses that were free of lameness at the time of follow-up were gradually returned to exercise, whereas lame horses were turned out in a small paddock until resolution of the lameness. Other treatments included fracture fixation by insertion of 4.5 mm cortical bone screws placed using standard lag-technique, 9 tiludronate disodium (Ceva Sante Animale, Libourne, France, 1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb], IV; eight horses) administration, intra-articular injections of autologous conditioned serum (IRAP II, Arthrex Vet Systems, Bonita Springs, FL, USA; six horses), and correction of hoof imbalance if it was deemed necessary.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries of the Sagittal Groove of the Proximal Phalanx in Warmblood Horses Detected With Low‐field Magnetic Resonance Imaging: 19 Cases (2007–2016)

Gold¹,

Werpy

Gutierrez‐Nibeyro

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Sagittal groove injuries of the proximal phalanx are an important cause of lameness in performance horses. The purpose of this retrospective case series study was to describe standing low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of these injuries in a group of Warmblood horses. Horses with an MRI diagnosis of sagittal groove injuries involving the proximal phalanx and that had follow-up MRI and clinical outcome information were included. Findings from clinical examinations, diagnostic tests, and other imaging modalities were recorded. All MRI studies were retrieved for re-evaluation by an experienced, board-certified veterinary radiologist. A total of 19 horses met inclusion criteria. All horses had MRI lesions consistent with unilateral or bilateral sagittal groove injuries of the proximal phalanx and abnormal mineralization of the sagittal ridge of the third metacarpal/metatarsal bone. Fifteen horses (79%) had concurrent osteoarthritis of the affected metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal joint. Eighteen horses received conservative therapy and all horses still had osseous abnormalities detected at the time of follow-up MRI. Thirteen horses (68.5%) were still lame at the time of follow-up, whereas the other six horses (31.5%) had become sound and returned to the previous level of exercise. Findings indicated that, for mature Warmblood horses, acute or chronic injuries of the sagittal groove of the proximal phalanx may have variable standing low-field MRI characteristics. Based on this sample of 19 horses, findings also indicated that the prognosis for performance soundness in horses diagnosed with sagittal groove injury of the proximal phalanx and concurrent osteoarthritis is poor.

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“…This expedites a thorough examination of the tendon sheath contents (Fortier et al 1999). Transection of the PAL can lead to a curved appearance of the palmar aspect of the fetlock and the owner should be informed of this possibility prior to surgery (Nixon 2012). In this case, the pony was feathered and therefore this was not deemed a negative complication of the technique chosen.…”

Section: O26mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative surgical treatment for synovial ganglion cyst of the digital tendon sheath in one horse

Lipreri

Kelly

2019

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary A 6‐year‐old Highland pony gelding was presented with severe left fore (LF) limb lameness of acute onset. The lameness occurred concomitantly with mild digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) effusion and focal painful swelling on the lateral aspect of the LF fetlock region. Clinical examination and diagnostic analgesia localised the lameness to the fetlock region and on ultrasound, a cyst‐like structure filled with anaechoic fluid was detected just proximal to the lateral sesamoid bone, at the proximo‐lateral aspect of the DFTS and adjacent to the lateral neurovascular bundle. Communication between the cyst‐like structure and the DFTS was suspected ultrasonographically and then confirmed with contrast tenography. Tenoscopic examination of the LF DFTS was performed and the communication between the fluid‐filled structure and the synovial cavity was detected. The defect in the DFTS wall was enlarged tenoscopically and the lining of the cyst‐like structure was debrided. The horse recovered well post‐operatively and was back in work with no evident lameness 8 months after surgery. This alternative minimally invasive surgical treatment had an excellent outcome and has the advantage of reducing the risk associated with en bloc resection.

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Phalanges and the Metacarpophalangeal and Metatarsophalangeal Joints

Cited by 9 publications

References 88 publications

Frequency distribution of osteochondral fragmentation of the dorsoproximal articular surface of the proximal phalanx in racing Thoroughbreds in the UK

Frequency distribution of osteochondral fragmentation of the dorsoproximal articular surface of the proximal phalanx in racing Thoroughbreds in the UK

Injuries of the Sagittal Groove of the Proximal Phalanx in Warmblood Horses Detected With Low‐field Magnetic Resonance Imaging: 19 Cases (2007–2016)

Alternative surgical treatment for synovial ganglion cyst of the digital tendon sheath in one horse

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