Phân tích các nhân tố tác động đến tỷ lệ thu nhập lãi thuần trong hệ thống ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam

Abstract

Phân tích các nhân tố tác động đến tỷ lệ thu nhập lãi thuần trong hệ thống ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam

Determinants of Net Interest Margin in Commercial Banks in Viet Nam

“…Previous research has indicated a positive correlation between risk level and net profit margin. This perspective is corroborated by specific studies such as McShane and Sharpe [15], as well as more recent research by Thu and Huyen [10], Hoang and Vu [11], Tu and Nghia [14], Sáng [9], Maudos and Solis [23], Fungacova and Poghosyan [23], Ahmad et al [25], and Agoraki and Kouretas [7]. In this study, the author anticipates a positive correlation between the level of risk aversion and the net interest margin.…”

“…This suggests that banks might have been able to adjust their interest rates to cover inflation and that a booming building development sector might have increased demand for loans, thus boosting NIM. Conversely, Sang [9] found that GDP was negatively correlated with NIM, indicating that in times of economic growth, competition among banks might increase, leading to a lower NIM. Hoang and Vu [11] utilized a different approach by analyzing audited consolidated financial statements of Vietnamese commercial banks from 2008, the onset of the global financial crisis, through 2012.…”

“…Sang [9] expanded on the previous findings by examining the determinants of NIM in Vietnamese banks from 2008-2013. His findings echoed those of An and Huong, reinforcing the role of equity ratio, credit risk, liquidity risk, and operating expenses in shaping NIM.…”

“…Research not only from abroad (Maudos and Solís, [23]; Sharma and Gounder, [16]; Tarus et al, [21]; Agoraki and Kouretas, [18]), but also from Vietnam (Sang, [9]; Linh and Huong, [13]; An and Huong, [8]; Pham et al, [24]; Dien et al, [12]) has supported the positive correlation between credit risk (CR) and net interest margin (NIM). In particular, Maudos and Fernández de Guevara [24] argued that the risk of insolvency or credit default necessitates that banks incorporate an implicit risk premium in interest rates.…”

“…However, this low NIM can be detrimental to bank profits (Fungáčová and Poghosyan, [3]), leading to a conflict of interest between policy makers aiming to maximize societal benefits and banks striving for profit maximization. Given this tension, various studies over the past three decades, including those by Ho and Saunders [4], McShane and Sharpe [5], Fungáčová and Poghosyan [3], Dumičić and Rizdak [6], and Agoraki and Kouretas [7], along with Vietnamese studies (An and Huong, [8]), (Sang,[9]), (Thu and Huyen, [10]), (Hoang and Vu, [11]), (Dien et al, [12]), (Linh and Huong, [13]), (Tu and Nghia, [14])) have sought to understand the factors influencing the NIM. Recently, Vietnam has initiated the merging of weaker banks into larger ones and reduced state ownership in banks, thereby attracting foreign investment.…”