PHANTOM LIMBS AND BODY SHAPE<sup>1</sup>

Riddoch, George

doi:10.1093/brain/64.4.197

Cited by 179 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…It is generally held that: I. shortening or telescoping occurs if the phantom limb is painless (3); 2. pain prevents or retards telescoping (23,49) A pain a normally telescoped or shortened phantom limb will temporarily become longer until the pain has subsided (3,21,49); and 4. relieffrom phantom limb pain is frequently accompanied by a rapid telescoping of the previously painful phantom (22,50,51). These observations imply that qualitatively different processes of somatosensory reorganization are associated with painful and non painful phantom limbs.…”

Section: Phantom Limb Pain and Telescopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many examples of psychological or emotional processes precipitating transient but profound alterations in the quality and intensity of phantom limb sensations, including hypnosis (101), concentration (28,49), distraction (75), relaxation (98,99), fright (23), forceful reminders of the events that led to the amputation (102), the sight of other amputees (102), and witnessing cruel or violent acts (80,103). One amputee, interviewed by the author (J.K.), described his reaction to an accident involving his wife as "goose bumps and cold shivering down the phantom [leg].…”

Section: Transient Changes Triggered By Psychological and Emotional Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychophysiological Contributions to Phantom Limbs

Katz

1992

Can J Psychiatry

117

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Section: Phantom Limb Pain and Telescopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transient Changes Triggered By Psychological and Emotional Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological Contributions to Phantom Limbs

Katz

1992

Can J Psychiatry

117

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“…In general, the phantom limb is aligned with the stump and fits in with the normal posture of the limb (Sunderland, 1978). The more distal parts of the limb, such as the hand or foot (and especially the digits), are more strongly perceived than the proximal segments, and with respect to the hand, the thumb and index finger are clearly perceived (Riddoch, 1941).…”

Section: Phantom-limb Illusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor illusions: What do they reveal about proprioception?

Jones

1988

Psychological Bulletin

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Five illusions involving distortions in the perception of limb position, movement, and weight are described in the context of their contribution to understanding the sensory processes involved in proprioception. In particular, these illusions demonstrate that the position sense representation of the body and the awareness of limb movement result from the cross-calibration of visual and proprioceptive signals. Studies of the vibration illusion and phantom-limb phenomenon indicate that the perception of limb movement and position are encoded independently and can be dissociated. Postural aftereffects and the illusions of movement induced by vibration highlight the remarkable lability of this sense of limb position, which is a necessary feature for congruence between the spatial senses. Finally, I discuss the role of corollary discharges in the central processing of afferent information with respect to the size-weight and vibration illusions.The study of visual illusions has provided many valuable clues about the operation of the visual system (Coren & Girgus, 1978), to the extent that visual aftereffects have been described as the psychologist's microelectrode (Frisby, 1979). With the notable exception of the size-weight illusion, which was first described in the late nineteenth century (Charpentier, 1891), illusions involving the motor system have received much less attention. However, recent reports of illusory movements induced by mechanical vibration of the muscle tendon (Goodwin, McCloskey, & Matthews, 1972;Roll & Vedel, 1982;Vedel & Roll, 1983) have led to a revival of interest in kinesthetic illusions (Feldman & Latash, 1982a;Goodwin, 1976;Granit, 1972;Matthews, 1982). As with the classical visual illusions, these phenomena offer valuable insights into the perceptual mechanisms involved in proprioception and must be explained in terms of normal physiological mechanisms. I discuss disturbances in the perception of limb position and movement and of force and weight in this review in the context of their contribution to understanding perceptual processing in the sensorimotor system. Vibration-Induced Illusions Illusions of MovementIn 1972, two publications describing the effects of vibration on the perception of limb position and movement independently showed that vibration of a muscle tendon at 100 Hz induces illusory movements of the limb about which the vibrated Preparation of this article was supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada.Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Lynette A. Jones, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Drummond Street, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y5, Canada. muscle acts (Eklund, 1972;Goodwin et al., 1972). Using blindfolded subjects who were required to track the position of their vibrated arm with the unperturbed arm, Goodwin et al. investigated the effects of percutaneous muscle-tendon vibration on position sense at the elbow. They found that vibration of the biceps tendon in an immobilized arm consistently produced the il...

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“…John Hughlings Jackson, the eminent British neurologist, mentioned PL in a paper published in 1884 [15] . After Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson (1758-1805) lost his right arm at an attack on Santa Cruz de Tenerife, he experienced the common PL pain of his fingers pressing into the palm of his missing hand [16] . Melville even mentioned PL sensations in his acclaimed novel Moby Dick, published in 1851 [17] .…”

Section: Phantom Limb: History and Descriptions In Popular Fictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phantom and the supernumerary phantom limb: historical review and new case

et al. 2011

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Abstract:The way we experience the world is determined by the way our brain works. The phantom limb phenomenon, which is a delusional belief of the presence of a non-existent limb, has a particular fascination in neurology. This positive phenomenon of the phantom limb raises theoretical questions about its nature. After a stroke, some patients experience the perception of an extra limb in addition to the regular set of two arms and two legs. This complex cognitive and perceptual distortion is called supernumerary phantom limb. Here, we review the pathogenesis and historical aspects, and report a new case.

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PHANTOM LIMBS AND BODY SHAPE¹

Cited by 179 publications

References 0 publications

Psychophysiological Contributions to Phantom Limbs

Psychophysiological Contributions to Phantom Limbs

Motor illusions: What do they reveal about proprioception?

The phantom and the supernumerary phantom limb: historical review and new case

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PHANTOM LIMBS AND BODY SHAPE1

Cited by 179 publications

References 0 publications

Psychophysiological Contributions to Phantom Limbs

Psychophysiological Contributions to Phantom Limbs

Motor illusions: What do they reveal about proprioception?

The phantom and the supernumerary phantom limb: historical review and new case

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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PHANTOM LIMBS AND BODY SHAPE¹