Pharmaceutics of Penicillin

Schwartz, Michael A.; Buckwalter, F. H.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600511202

Cited by 54 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…BMY-28142 demonstrated an overall anti-P. aeruginosa activity (against both tobramycin-susceptible and tobramycin-resistant isolates) comparable to that of ceftazidime, but it was relatively inactive against P. cepacia. Furthermore, Increases in MIC observed with higher densities of P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli reflect an inoculum-dependent effect described for other 1-lactam antibiotics against P. aeruginosa (3), Klebsiella aerogenes (1), and H. influenzae (14,16 (12,13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

In vitro activity of BMY-28142 against pediatric pathogens, including isolates from cystic fibrosis sputum

Conrad

Scribner

Weber

et al. 1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The antibacterial activity of BMY-28142, a new aminothiazole cephalosporin, was measured by standardized broth microdilution and agar dilution methods against 450 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from pediatric infections, including acute pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis. BMY-28142 activity was compared with that of aminoglycosides, 13-lactams, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, and clindamycin. The activity of BMY-28142 in combination with other antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also determined. Furthermore, the effects of inoculum and pH on BMY-28142 activity were evaluated. BMY-21842 was active against most of the gram-positive and gram-negative isolates, with the exception of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas cepacia. The combination of BMY-28142 with tobramycin was often synergistic, and combinations of BMY-28142 with either polymyxin B or imipenem were usually antagonistic. BMY-28142 antibacterial activity could be adversely affected at extremes of medium pH and by high inoculum densities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

In vitro activity of BMY-28142 against pediatric pathogens, including isolates from cystic fibrosis sputum

Conrad

Scribner

Weber

et al. 1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Factors such as rotational incubation, aeration, or volume differences may have contributed to this discrepancy. In addition, the pH of the RPF There is evidence of an adverse effect of high glucose concentration on penicillin activity (14). The glucose concentrations in PDF, t pH PDF, and RPF were well above the physiological serum range (Table 2) and therefore could have contributed to the inhibition of P-lactam activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In vitro antibacterial activities of antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in peritoneal dialysis fluid

Shalit¹,

Welch²,

Marks³

1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Intraperitoneal antibiotics are used to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa peritonitis, a serious complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. However, P. aeruginosa killing is often inefficient despite low MBCs. Broth dilution MIC/MBC and time kill curves of tobramycin, amikacin, netilmicin, azlocillin, piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefsulodin, and ciprofloxacin were determined in peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF), buffered PDF, fluid recovered from patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (RPF), and cation-supplemented Mueller-Hinton broth. MBCs of all antibiotics were 8 to 16 times greater in PDF and RPF than in Mueller-Hinton broth or buffered PDF. Use of the time kill curve technique and Muelier-Hinton broth showed that aminoglycosides killed .99.9% of P. aeruginosa at 1 h, ciprofloxacin killed -99.9% at 2 h, and

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“…Acidic Degradation Mechanism a n d Relative Stability of Cephalosporins a n d Penicillins-The acidic degradation rates of penicillins are known to depend on the side-chain structure (7,30). Penicillin G is extremely acid unstable with a half-life of only 0.7 min at pH 1 and 35" (28); ampicillin is the most acid stable (29), with the difference in acid stability between the two penicillins being about 300-fold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Stability of Cephalosporins in Aqueous Solution: Kinetics and Mechanisms of Degradation

Yamana¹,

Tsuji²

1976

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

261

108

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Pharmaceutics of Penicillin

Cited by 54 publications

References 43 publications

In vitro activity of BMY-28142 against pediatric pathogens, including isolates from cystic fibrosis sputum

In vitro activity of BMY-28142 against pediatric pathogens, including isolates from cystic fibrosis sputum

In vitro antibacterial activities of antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in peritoneal dialysis fluid

Comparative Stability of Cephalosporins in Aqueous Solution: Kinetics and Mechanisms of Degradation

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