Nepal is one of the developing countries having many limitations in providing the quality health services to its population. In many countries, improvement in patients' adherence to the pharmacotherapy had been one of major outcome of quality pharmaceutical services. Till date, very less thing has been done in this area in Nepal; so it seems mandatory to improve the patient adherence to the treatment plans. Adherence to the medical therapy can be explained by the extent of the behavioral coincidence to the medication and non-medication regimen by a patient whereas compliance and concordance are two different models of patient adherence to the therapy. Compliance model suggests that patients have been brought responsible for being unable to follow 'doctor's order and concordance tempts to measure the degree of agreement between patient and his or her clinician about the nature of illness and the best possible therapy for the welfare of the patient. Non-adherence to the therapy may lead to different problems as consequences of non-adherence in four different level-individual, institutional, societal and national levels. Although some programs like, "Direct Observation Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) for tuberculosis, implementation of antiretroviral treatment schedules for HIV patients and pediatric vaccination models," are the examples of attention towards the cases of noncompliance in Nepal. It has long been faced its limitations in the forms of either untrained manpower or lack of good documentation of patients' adherence to therapy or high illiteracy rate or unaffordibility of patients to their treatment or lack of pharmaceutical care services.
BACkgRoundNepal is a developing country which has major limitations in providing quality healthcare services to its population [1][2][3][4]. Most of the technical aspects of the socio-community pharmacy practice have not been addressed as yet, due to various reasons [3]. The access of people to the essential medicines and their affordability, is still a major problem in the country [5]. Hence, many aspects of the pharmaceutical care are still not major concerns for the policy makers and other relevant stakeholders. A majority of the pharmacies which are inside the country are being operated by manpower who are trained only for a few hours [6]. The prevailing primordial pharmacy practice, the absence of well qualified and trained pharmacists in the community settings, and the absence of hospital pharmacy practices inside a majority of the hospitals are some major barriers in the way of providing better pharmaceutical services to the people [6][7][8].In many developed countries, an improvement in the patients' adherence to the pharmacotherapy is one of major outcomes of the quality pharmaceutical services [9][10][11][12][13]. However, only few things had been achieved in this area in Nepal. So, it is necessary to promote the role of pharmacists to increase the patients' adherence towards the treatment in the Nepalese context. Therefore, in this article, the authors...