Pharmacist-led academic detailing improves statin therapy prescribing for Malaysian patients with type 2 diabetes: Quasi-experimental design

Elnaem, Mohamed Hassan; Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Nik; Huri, Hasniza Zaman

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220458

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Overall, as pharmacotherapy’s optimization is not a one-time intervention in people with chronic diseases, continuous assessments of the effectiveness and safety alongside interventions to boost adherence are increasingly needed to improve clinical outcomes [ 54 , 60 ]. Further detailed evaluations of the ongoing prescribing patterns will provide a basis for interventions that are most likely to be adopted in clinical practice [ 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Prevalence and Barriers to Hypertension Control: A Systematic Review

Elnaem

Mosaad²,

Abdelaziz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Controlling hypertension (HTN) remains a challenge, as it is affected by various factors in different settings. This study aimed to describe the disparities in the prevalence and barriers to hypertension control across countries of various income categories. Three scholarly databases—ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar—were systematically examined using predefined search terms to identify potentially relevant studies. Original research articles published in English between 2011 and 2022 that reported the prevalence and barriers to HTN control were included. A total of 33 studies were included in this systematic review. Twenty-three studies were conducted in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), and ten studies were from high-income countries (HIC). The prevalence of hypertension control in the LMIC and HIC studies ranged from (3.8% to 50.4%) to (36.3% to 69.6%), respectively. Concerning barriers to hypertension control, patient-related barriers were the most frequently reported (n = 20), followed by medication adherence barriers (n = 10), lifestyle-related barriers (n = 8), barriers related to the affordability and accessibility of care (n = 8), awareness-related barriers (n = 7), and, finally, barriers related to prescribed pharmacotherapy (n = 6). A combination of more than one category of barriers was frequently encountered, with 59 barriers reported overall across the 33 studies. This work reported disparities in hypertension control and barriers across studies conducted in LMIC and HIC. Recognizing the multifactorial nature of the barriers to hypertension control, particularly in LMIC, is crucial in designing and implementing customized interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Prevalence and Barriers to Hypertension Control: A Systematic Review

Elnaem

Mosaad²,

Abdelaziz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…Previous research highlighted that pharmacist-led interventions were associated with improvement in the rational use of hyperlipidemia medications. 30 Approximately 65% of the studies included in this review reported a significant impact of the pharmacist interventions on medication adherence by patients. Three studies were assessing medication adherence as secondary outcome measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Impact of Pharmacist-Led Interventions on Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia: A Scoping Review of Published Literature</p>

Elnaem¹,

Rosley²,

Alhifany³

et al. 2020

JMDH

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Background: The aim of this study was to provide a scoping review of the impact of pharmacist-led interventions on medication adherence and clinical outcomes in patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using pre-defined search terms in three scientific databases, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. A multi-stage screening process that considered relevancy, publication year (2009-2019), English language, and article type (original research) was followed. Review articles, meta-analysis studies, and conference proceedings were excluded. Data charting was done in an iterative process using a study-specific extraction form. Results: Of the initially identified 681 studies, 17 studies with 136,026 patients were included in the review. Of these, 16 were randomized controlled trials, while the remaining study was a retrospective cohort study. The majority of pharmacist-led interventions were face-to-face counseling sessions (n=8), followed by remote-or telephone-based interventions (n=5) and multi-faceted interventions (n=4). The majority of the studies (n=7) used selfreported adherence measures and pharmacy refill records (n=8) to measure the rate of adherence to prescribed medications. Eleven of the included studies reported a statistically significant (P<0.05) impact on medication adherence. Overall, twelve studies assessed the effect of the interventions on the clinical outcome measures; of these, only four studies were associated with significant impact. Conclusion: Pharmacist-led interventions were associated with improved patients' adherence to their medications but were less likely to be consistently associated with the attainment of clinical outcomes. Face-to-face counseling was the most commonly used intervention; while, the multi-faceted interventions were more likely to be effective in improving the overall outcome measures. The rigorous design of targeted interventions with more frequent follow-ups, careful consideration of the involved medications, and patients' characteristics could increase the effectiveness of these interventions.

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“…A major cause is atherogenic dyslipidemia in T2DM, which consists of elevated triglyceride levels, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and a higher proportion of smaller and denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which are more susceptible to oxidation and may thereby increase the risk of cardiovascular events [ 4 , 5 ]. Optimizing lipid-lowering therapy use among type 2 diabetic patients has been considered one of the beneficial approaches to decreasing the overall cardiovascular disease burden [ 6 ]. In T2DM patients, statin treatment is a cornerstone of the physicians' efforts to prevent primary and secondary cardiovascular disease [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Myopathy in Diabetic Patients Taking Statins

Tariq¹,

Goriparthi²,

Ismail³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Diabetes is one of the most common chronic ailments; its incidence has reached epidemic proportions in the 21st century. Diabetes significantly increases micro and macrovascular complications, which are effectively managed with statins. Therefore, statins' pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics have been extensively studied. Although statins act as a keystone in preventing cardiovascular complications, at the same time, they pose a threat to the quality of life of diabetics due to the resulting muscular side effects. This article summarizes the prevalence, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and risk factors of statin-induced myopathy in diabetic patients. Among the diverse predisposing risk factors, the primary variables identified for causing myopathy in diabetic patients include age, gender, ethnicity, duration and severity of illness, comorbid conditions, level of physical activity, alcohol use, cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) levels, type and dose of statins, and anti-diabetic drugs or other drugs used concomitantly. In addition, cardiovascular risk quotients also potentially impact diabetic patients making them more vulnerable to developing myopathy from statins. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of managing statin-associated myopathic side effects by providing consensus guidelines on diagnostic, monitoring, and treatment strategies. We also discussed statins' prognostic value in reducing cardiovascular events in diabetic individuals.

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Pharmacist-led academic detailing improves statin therapy prescribing for Malaysian patients with type 2 diabetes: Quasi-experimental design

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Disparities in Prevalence and Barriers to Hypertension Control: A Systematic Review

Disparities in Prevalence and Barriers to Hypertension Control: A Systematic Review

<p>Impact of Pharmacist-Led Interventions on Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Hypertension and Hyperlipidemia: A Scoping Review of Published Literature</p>

Correlates of Myopathy in Diabetic Patients Taking Statins

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