Pharmacist management of patients with diabetes mellitus enrolled in a rural free clinic

Abstract

Pharmacist management of patients with type 2 diabetes significantly influenced clinical and economic outcomes in an uninsured population living in a rural area with few health care resources.

Identification, prevalence, and treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy in patients from a rural area in South Carolina

“…Pharmacist-led free clinics has been shown to provide significant reductions from baseline in HbA1c values, systolic blood pressure, and triglyceride levels, which equates to health-care savings of $1,118 per patient who had a decrease of >1% in HbA(1c) value 8. Our study is in line with this notion.…”

“…The increase in hospital use could be attributed to increased distance to clinics, lack of adequate transportation, relative shortage of specialists and diabetes educators, cultural beliefs, and patient cost of care 5,6. It has been demonstrated that pharmacist-led free clinics in rural areas that provide educational programs to diabetic patients result in significant patient outcome improvements and financial savings 8. The current study focuses on painful diabetic neuropathy (pDN) in a rural diabetic population of South Carolina that is assisted by a pharmacist-led diabetes self-management education and support (DSEM/S) program.…”

Economic evaluations of pharmacist‐managed services in people with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

“…Among them, 19 were conducted in the USA [5][6][7][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], while each of the remaining studies was conducted in a different country: the UK [34], Bulgaria [35], Canada [36], Australia [37], Colombia [38] and Brazil [39]. Most of the studies were conducted in a community pharmacy (n = 10) [5,6,20,25,[28][29][30][35][36][37], or a clinic or hospitalbased outpatient facility (n = 8) [18,21,24,27,[31][32][33][34]. Two studies enrolled participants from various practice settings [7,22], while the remaining five studies did not delineate the practice settings [19,23,26,…”

Impact of a Clinical Pharmacy Program on Changes in Hemoglobin A1c, Diabetes-Related Hospitalizations, and Diabetes-Related Emergency Department Visits for Patients with Diabetes in an Underserved Population

“…Previous studies have shown that patients who received pharmacist-managed care demonstrated improved A1c values. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Increased A1c is associated with increased costs per hospitalization, and these inpatient costs account for the major expenditure in health spending for patients with diabetes in the United States.…”

“…[6][7][8] Previous studies have shown that patients with diabetes who receive clinical pharmacist interventions demonstrate significantly improved hemoglobin A1c. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Furthermore, the data have shown that increased A1c is associated with increased costs per hospitalization. In fact, patients with a mean A1c of at least 10% or greater have significantly higher rates of diabetes-related hospital utilization, compared with patients with a mean A1c of < 7%.…”