Key Words: Aranidipine-Antihypertensive agentxalcium channel antagonist.Calcium antagonists play an important role in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and hypertension. The dihydropyridine-type calcium antagonists are widely used to treat hypertension, because of their potent vasodilating activity and weak cardiodepressant action (9,38,11). Aranidipine (MPC-1304) is a novel dihydropyridine-type calcium antagonist, which is characterized by its active metabolites, once daily administration to facilitate patient compliance, and the prospect of good efficacy and safety. In experimental animal models aranidipine had more potent antihypertensive effects than did other dihydropyridines. Administration of aranidipine once daily had a highly potent antihypertensive effect and clinical utility in all of the clinical trials conducted in Japan. Aranidipine is now under registration. In this article, the pharmacological, toxicological, pharmacokinetic profiles, and clinical findings of aranidipine are reviewed. CHEMISTRY Aranidipine was first synthesized by Ohno et al. (24,25). The chemical structures of aranidipine [(+)-methyl 2-oxopropyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate] and its active metabolite, M-1 [2-hydroxypropyl methyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate] , are shown in Fig. 1. Aranidipine has an asymmetric carbon at the C-4 position of the dihydropyridine ring. M-1 has two asymmetric carbons in its structure, and there exist four enantiomers: (S,S)-and (R,R)-M-1 (their mixture is M-l(a)), and (S,R)-and (R,S)-M-1 (their mixture is M-l(P)). The molecular weight of aranidipine (C19Hz,Nz0,) is 388.38, and its melting point is 149-150°C. Aranidipine is freely soluble in acetone and insoluble in water.