Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and recent advances in Eugenol's potential benefits against natural and chemical noxious agents: A mechanistic review

Tavvabi-Kashani, Negin; Hasanpour, Maede; Baradaran Rahimi, Vafa; Vahdati-Mashhadian, Naser; Askari, Vahid Reza

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107607

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…EUG has been used for a long time as a medical agent, food preservative, and flavoring agent. The excellent therapeutic index of EUG has been recently addressed in a comprehensive review that points out EUG as a generally acknowledged as safe (GRAS) chemical by the World Health Organization (WHO) ( Tavvabi-Kashani et al, 2024 ). EUG is the ingredient responsible for analgesia in zinc eugenolate chelate, a dental cement material used in dentistry ( FADM, 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eugenol and lidocaine inhibit voltage-gated Na+ channels from dorsal root ganglion neurons with different mechanisms

Moreira-Junior,

Leal-Cardoso,

Cassola

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Eugenol (EUG) is a bioactive monoterpenoid used as an analgesic, preservative, and flavoring agent. Our new data show EUG as a voltage-gated Na+ channel (VGSC) inhibitor, comparable but not identical to lidocaine (LID). EUG inhibits both total and only TTX-R voltage-activated Na+ currents (INa) recorded from VGSCs naturally expressed on dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons in rats. Inhibition is quick, fully reversible, and dose-dependent. Our biophysical and pharmacological analyses showed that EUG and LID inhibit VGSCs with different mechanisms. EUG inhibits VGSCs with a dose–response relationship characterized by a Hill coefficient of 2, while this parameter for the inhibition by LID is 1. Furthermore, in a different way from LID, EUG modified the voltage dependence of both the VGSC activation and inactivation processes and the recovery from fast inactivated states and the entry to slow inactivated states. In addition, we suggest that EUG, but not LID, interacts with VGSC pre-open–closed states, according to our data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%