Pharmacogenomics in Asia: A Systematic Review on Current Trends and Novel Discoveries

Ang, Hazel X.; Chan, Sze Ling; Sani, Levana; Quah, Clarissa Bernice; Brunham, Liam R.; Tan, Boon Ooi Patrick; Winther, Michael D.

doi:10.2217/pgs-2017-0009

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…More than 95 percents of ADR investigations in Asia are replication approaches. 41 A similar situation is also seen in other regions. The study is based on case-control design where people using the same drug(s) are chosen for investigation.…”

Section: Pharmacogenomics Approaches To Study Adrs Studies On Target supporting

confidence: 71%

Review on Databases and Bioinformatic Approaches on Pharmacogenomics of Adverse Drug Reactions

Tong¹,

Phan²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2021

PGPM

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Section: Pharmacogenomics Approaches To Study Adrs Studies On Target supporting

confidence: 71%

Review on Databases and Bioinformatic Approaches on Pharmacogenomics of Adverse Drug Reactions

Tong¹,

Phan²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2021

PGPM

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“…Genetic variation might be applied in personalized medicine, as it is related to pharmacogenomics but highly specific in a population. Different geographical regions or even subpopulations, might show different allele frequencies of SNPs 59. SNPs related to personalized medicine affect the practice of medicine, as they are predictive biomarkers for patient stratification and dose selection or adjustment 60.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SNPs related to personalized medicine affect the practice of medicine, as they are predictive biomarkers for patient stratification and dose selection or adjustment 60. Pharmacogenomic research in Asian regions is still limited compared with Western countries, of which the pioneering countries are Japan, Korea, Singapore, Thailand, and India 59. This condition is also observed in variations of the APM1 SNP rs2241766.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Polymorphism Of The <em>APM1</em> Gene In Subjects With Central Obesity Related To Lower High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol</p>

Barliana¹,

Yolanda²,

Rostinawati³

et al. 2019

DMSO

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BackgroundCentral obesity is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Subjects with central obesity have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Many conditions affect the prevalence of central obesity, including energy expenditure, aging, proinflammatory conditions, and hormonal, genetic, and ethnic differences. Polymorphism of the APM1 gene, encoding the protein adiponectin, is closely related to metabolic syndrome. Adiponectin influences fatty acid oxidation and glucose intake in muscle. Therefore, variation in the APM1 gene is associated with diabetes and obesity.PurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the APM1 SNP rs2241766 with body mass index (BMI) and lipid profiles in Indonesian (Bandung) subjects.Patients and methodsGenotyping of the APM1 gene was performed using the Amplification Refractory Mutation System. Whole blood and serum of 54 subjects with central obesity (waist circumference [WC] ≥90 cm) and 53 healthy subjects (WC <90 cm) were collected. Measurements of the lipid profile (low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and total cholesterol [TC]) and BMI were examined.ResultsThe TT and GT genotype were observed (no GG genotype) in all subjects. The TC, LDL, fasting blood glucose, and BMI did not show a significant correlation between genotype variations of APM1 with central obesity. Otherwise, subjects with central obesity with the TT genotype had lower HDL levels than those with the GT genotype (p = 0.014, significant OR 1.045; 95% CI).ConclusionThis finding suggests that the T allele of the APM1 SNP rs2241766 is dominant in the Bandung population, and subjects with the homozygous TT genotype have a higher incidence of metabolic disorder.

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“…A recent 2017 systematic review highlighted the increase in Asian-specific studies in recent years and noted a number of novel associations that emerged. 7 In addition, we are not advocating for all Asian patients to be screened for these variants-as with any screening test, the utility of a widely implemented pharmacogenetic screening strategy should be assessed by criteria such as those set out by the World Health Organization: (i) "Is there a convenient and validated test of the risk factor? (ii) "Does testing provide clinically significant prognostic value above and beyond that provided by traditional risk factors?"…”

Section: Future Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenomics in Asian Subpopulations and Impacts on Commonly Prescribed Medications

Nguyen

Yang

et al. 2020

Clinical Translational Sci

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Asians as a group comprise > 60% the world’s population. There is an incredible amount of diversity in Asian and admixed populations that has not been addressed in a pharmacogenetic context. The known pharmacogenetic differences in Asian subgroups generally represent previously known variants that are present at much lower or higher frequencies in Asians compared with other populations. In this review we summarize the main drugs and known genes that appear to have differences in their pharmacogenetic properties in certain Asian populations. Evidence‐based guidelines and summary statistics from the US Food and Drug Administration and the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium were analyzed for ethnic differences in outcomes. Implicated drugs included commonly prescribed drugs such as warfarin, clopidogrel, carbamazepine, and allopurinol. The majority of these associations are due to Asians more commonly being poor metabolizers of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 and carriers of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐B*15:02 allele. The relative risk increase was shown to vary between genes and drugs, but could be > 100‐fold higher in Asians. Specifically, there was a 172‐fold increased risk of Stevens‒Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis with carbamazepine use among HLA‐B*15:02 carriers. The effects ranged from relatively benign reactions such as reduced drug efficacy to severe cutaneous skin reactions. These reactions are severe and prevalent enough to warrant pharmacogenetic testing and appropriate changes in dose and medication choice for at‐risk populations. Further studies should be done on Asian cohorts to more fully understand pharmacogenetic variants in these populations and to clarify how such differences may influence drug response.

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Pharmacogenomics in Asia: A Systematic Review on Current Trends and Novel Discoveries

Cited by 19 publications

References 202 publications

Review on Databases and Bioinformatic Approaches on Pharmacogenomics of Adverse Drug Reactions

Review on Databases and Bioinformatic Approaches on Pharmacogenomics of Adverse Drug Reactions

<p>Polymorphism Of The <em>APM1</em> Gene In Subjects With Central Obesity Related To Lower High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol</p>

Pharmacogenomics in Asian Subpopulations and Impacts on Commonly Prescribed Medications

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