Pharmacokinetic comparison of nine bioactive components in rat plasma following oral administration of raw and wine‐processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry

Abstract

An accurate and sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the determination of nine bioactive compounds of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus in rat plasma. Separation was performed on Halo® C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water. The eluate was detected by multiple reaction monitoring scanning operating in the negative ionization mode. This assay method was validated for selectivity, linearity, intra‐ and interday precision, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability, and all methodological parameters fulfilled the Food and Drug Administration criteria for bioanalytical validation. The established method was successfully applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of raw and wine‐processed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus in rats for the first time. It was found that the AUC0‐24 and Cmax value of salidroside, hydroxytyrosol, and nuezhenidic acid were increased significantly after processing, while the AUC0‐24 and Cmax value of oleoside 11‐methyl ester, 1′''‐O‐β‐d‐glucosylformoside, specnuezhenide, G13, oleonuezhenide, and oleanolic acid were decreased, which suggested that processing affects the absorption and bioavailability of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus. The results might be valuable for the clinical reasonable application and understanding the processing mechanism of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.

Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, and Kidney Distribution of Raw and Wine-Steamed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus Extracts in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats

“…Several studies have investigated the pharmacokinetics and distribution of active components of LLF in rats [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. The pharmacokinetic properties of LLF indicated that LLF compounds can be better absorbed by the blood and maintained for a long period of time [ 30 ].…”

“…Additionally, the UPLC-MS method was used to study the pharmacokinetics of salidroside in control and ovariectomized rats; the results demonstrated that the t1/2, MRT0–∞, and apparent volume of distribution for salidroside increased in ovariectomized rats compared with control rats [ 31 ]. Recently, our research team established a UPLC-MS/MS method, which revealed differences in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of nine active components in LLF and WLL in the plasma of normal rats [ 32 ]. Zhang et al studied the distribution of seven active compounds of LLF before and after wine-steaming in the main organs and tissues of rats.…”

Serum pharmacochemistry and pharmacokinetics of major components after oral administration of Luhong recipe in rats using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…It combines the high separation ability of chromatography for complex samples with the advantages of MS—high selectivity, high sensitivity, and providing relative molecular weight and structure information. At present, LC–MS/MS has been used in the pharmacokinetic study of related single herbs in LHR, such as psoralen, isopsoralen, psoralide, and isopsoralen in Psoraleae Fructus (Lee et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2014); epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, and icariin in Epimedii Folium (Sun et al, 2018; Teo et al, 2019); loganin and morroniside in Corni Fructus (Zhao et al, 2016), salidroside of Ligustrum lucidum (Zhang et al, 2020); and 2‐(2‐phenylethyl) chromones in Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (Xie et al, 2021). However, there is no method for the simultaneous determination of multiple chemical constituents in LHR.…”