Pharmacokinetic evaluation of four ivermectin generic formulations in calves

Lifschitz, Adrián Luis; Sallovitz, Juan Manuel; Imperiale, F.; Pis, A.; Lorda, J. Jauregui; Lanusse, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.11.003

Cited by 61 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Several other reports have cited lower levels of efficacy for generic ivermectins as compared to the original products as used in cattle (Yazwinski et al 2004;Anziani et al 2001;Fiel et al 2001;Soutello et al 2007). Very little speculation has been offered regarding the basis for this difference, but the need for greater surveillance and remedy for this disparity and perpetuated ineffective treatments has been expressed Lifschitz et al 2004;Yazwinski et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness evaluation of several cattle anthelmintics via the fecal egg count reduction test

et al. 2009

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Utilizing groups of cograzed, naturally infected beef-type heifers, three fecal egg count reduction tests were conducted in the later months of 2007 at the University of Arkansas. Each test was 28 days in length consisting of individual animal fecal nematode egg counts and coprocultures. Both original and generic ivermectin injectable formulations were used in two of the tests at 0.2 mg/kg BW, with FECR percentages never exceeding 90% in either test. Oral fenbendazole was evaluated at 5 and 10 mg/kg BW, with FECR%'s exceeding 90% on all occasions, but with a precipitous drop when recently treated animals were treated at the lower dose. Evaluated in one test, injectable moxidectin given at 0.2 mg/kg BW resulted in egg count reductions of 96-92% (days 7 to 28). Also evaluated in one test, albendazole delivered orally at 10 mg/kg BW was 98% and 97% effective at 17 and 28 days post-treatment. For all tests, coprocultures conducted post-treatment contained only Cooperia spp. larvae (benzimidazole use), relatively unmodified percentages of Cooperia spp. and Haemonchus spp. larvae (ivermectin use), and primarily Cooperia spp. larvae with a small percentage of Haemonchus spp. larvae (moxidectin use).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness evaluation of several cattle anthelmintics via the fecal egg count reduction test

et al. 2009

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“…The pharmacokinetics of IVM alone has been studied previously in most animal species (Perez et al 2002;Lifschitz et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pharmacokinetics of IVM has been extensively reported in ruminants (Alvinerie 1997;Lanusse et al 1997;Atta and Abo-shihada 2000;Hennessy and Alvinerie 2002;Lespine et al 2003;Lifschitz et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin alone and a novel formulation of ivermectin and rafoxanide in calves and sheep

et al. 2008

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This study investigated the comparative serum disposition kinetics of ivermectin (IVM) after a single subcutaneous dose of 200 microg/kg body weight of IVM alone or in combination with an anthelmintic consisting of ivermectin and rafoxanide (200 microg/kg of IVM and 2.5 mg/kg rafoxanide) for use in calves and sheep. The IVM concentrations in serum samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. In sheep serum, rafoxanide induced a rapid absorption of IVM when given in combined form manifested by a shorter absorption half-life time of IVM by 68.49% when given in combination as compared with IVM when given alone. In addition, there is an increase in the value of the area under the concentration curve (AUC) by 15.48% while the value of elimination rate constant was decreased by 38.2% and significantly increased the half-life time of elimination from 2.04 days for IVM alone to 3.3 days when given in combination with rafoxanide. In calves serum, the mean t1/2ab for IVM/rafoxanide was 0.131 days and for the control formulation 0.16 days, and t1/2el was 5.78 and 4.95, respectively. IVM Cmax for IVM/rafoxanide was 22.4 ng/ml and for the control formulation 19.1 ng/ml. T (max) values were 0.99 and 1.12 days, and the mean AUC values were 188.9 and 165.4 ng/ml/day. The difference in Cmax, AUC, Kab, K el, and t1/2el was significant. However, there was no statistical difference between the Tmax and t1/2ab. These findings revealed that the combination of rafoxanide with IVM in sheep and calves increased the absorption of IVM and delayed its elimination.

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“…The Gilson ASPEC XL TM is a typical example of an automated off-line SPE system that can process four samples in parallel in cartridge and 96-well format. A number of applications have been developed using this platform including anabolic steroids in urine [147,148]; quinolones in animal feed [149], seafood [150], bovine plasma, milk and tissues [151]; stilbenes in animal tissues [152]; sulphonamides in ovine plasma [153]; macrocyclic lactones in liver [154] and plasma [155,156]; benzimidazoles in bovine liver [106]; halofuginone in chicken liver and eggs [157]; malachite green in trout muscle [158]; carbadox and olaquindox in porcine liver [159].…”

Section: Automated Off-line/on-line Spementioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends in sample preparation for growth promoter and veterinary drug residue analysis

Kinsella

O’Mahony

Malone

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography A

181

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A comprehensive review is presented on the current trends in sample preparation for isolation of veterinary drugs and growth promotors from foods. The objective of the review is to firstly give an overview of the sample preparation techniques that are applied in field. The review will focus on new techniques and technologies, which improve efficiency and coverage of residues. The underlying theme to the paper is the developments that have been made in multi-residue methods and particularly multi-class methods for residues of licensed animal health products, which have been developed in the last couple of years. The role of multi-class methods is discussed and how they can be accommodated in future residue surveillance.

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Pharmacokinetic evaluation of four ivermectin generic formulations in calves

Cited by 61 publications

References 21 publications

Effectiveness evaluation of several cattle anthelmintics via the fecal egg count reduction test

Effectiveness evaluation of several cattle anthelmintics via the fecal egg count reduction test

Comparative pharmacokinetics of ivermectin alone and a novel formulation of ivermectin and rafoxanide in calves and sheep

Current trends in sample preparation for growth promoter and veterinary drug residue analysis

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