Pharmacokinetic study of all‐trans‐retinoyl‐β‐d‐glucuronide in Sprague–Dawley rats after single and multiple intravenous administration(s)

Inclusion of Acitretin into Cyclodextrins: Phase Solubility, Photostability, and Physicochemical Characterization

“…Because the oral absorption of acitretin is variable,9 it is envisaged that complexation of the drug with CD could improve this situation, as demonstrated in a similar study with ATRA 27. Furthermore, HPBCD could work as a suitable parenteral carrier for retinoids as previously published 27,28. The present study confirms that both HPBCD and RMBCD form stable complexes with acitretin.…”

The Impact of Aqueous Solubility and Dose on the Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Resveratrol

“…The study design and the animal handling protocol of this pharmacokinetic study were modified from several previous studies (21)(22)(23) and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the National University of Singapore. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were supplied by the Laboratory Animal Center of the National University of Singapore.…”

Intestinal absorption and metabolism of retinoyl β-glucuronide in humans, and of 15-[14C]-retinoyl β-glucuronide in rats of different vitamin A status

“…In the Harland strain of mice, subcutaneously administered RAG was only slowly metabolized to RA and there were no adverse signs of toxicity after chronic daily dosing with RAG for about three months [12]. Another study found that intravenously administered RAG was not extensively hydrolyzed to RA in SD rats [13]. Two recent studies, one carried out by administering RAG by IP injection in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, and the other carried out by topical application on swine skin showed that RAG was much less toxic than RA [14,15].…”

“…The pharmacology and metabolism of parenterally administered RAG is somewhat known [11][12][13]17]. However, if RAG is to be administered orally, there is very little information about its absorption and metabolism in vitamin A sufficient humans and animals.…”