Pharmacokinetic Study of Cefpirome: Fourth Generation Cephalosporin

Abstract

Studies on oral kinetics (Blood and tissues) after single therapeutic dose of cefpirome (20mg/kg oral) in rats of either sex and on some biochemical parameters, tissue residue, and spermatozoa motility in male rats after cefpirome administration (20mg/kg oral bid 7days) were undertaken so that generated data could be extrapolated to humans. For kinetic studies, 24 Wister rats of either sex, 3 months of age, (180-210gm) were used (Groups I-IV; n=6). Blood samples collected from each animal of Group I-IV at 0 h to serve as predrug control. All the groups (I-IV) received cefpirome 20mg/kg once orally as a single dose. At the end of 1, 4, 12, and 24 hour post oral administration, Groups I, II, III, and IV were utilized for kinetic studies. Blood samples were collected from each animal and vital organs namely brain, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, and heart, were studied for drug analysis and determination of weight. For biochemical parameters, tissue residue and spermatozoa motility, 12male rats were randomly divided into Groups A and B (n=6). Group B received cefpirome (20mg/kg orally bid 7 days) while Group A served as control. Biochemical parameters [Blood glucose, protein, Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), and hemoglobin] were measured at 0 and 7 th day while sperm count (Total, live and dead) and mean organ weight (Study and control group) and tissue residue of drug were evaluated at the end of treatment. Absorption of cefpirome was observed at 2h and reached a maximum at 4h and persisted in blood till 24h. Elimination half-life in lung was highest followed by heart, liver, kidney, and spleen while t½, k in plasma was very low suggesting more affinity of cefpirome for tissues than blood. Blood glucose, protein, AST, and ALT activities were not significantly altered but the hemoglobin level and total and live sperm count decreased significantly in the study group compared to the control group. Residual level of cefpirome was highest in liver followed by kidney and other study organs. Therefore, the drug should be used in human beings judiciously.

Ameliorative Effect of Curcumin Against Hepatorenal Adverse Effects of Cefepime in Rats

“…Similar result reported cefepime induced liver injury 6 . Other cephalosporins, ceftriaxone 23 , cefixime 24 , cefazolin 25 , cefpirome 26 were reported to induce liver damage with subsequent elevation of liver enzymes.…”