Pharmacokinetics and residual behaviour in milk of oxytetracycline in cows following administration of uterine pessaries

Abstract

residual behaviour in milk of oxytetracycline in cows following administration of uterine pessaries. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 23, 281 -285.The plasma kinetics and residual depletion in milk of cows treated by the intrauterine route with pessaries containing oxytetracycline (OTC) were evaluated. The antibiotic was administered to five healthy Friesian cows at a dosage of 3g/head in the early post partum phase. Blood samples were collected before and at different time intervals (3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 84, and 96 h) after treatment. Milk was drawn before treatment and at 12-h intervals for 4 consecutive days. Samples were analysed by a high-performance liquid chromatography method and the pharmacokinetic parameters were processed using the minimum Akaike information criterion estimation (MAICE) test. The mean values obtained indicated a relatively low area under the concentration time curve (25.19 912.61 mg/mg per h) and maximum plasma concentration (C max ) (0.549 9 0.278 mg/mL) with delayed time to C max (11.719 4.15 h) and elimination half-life (21.9694.42 h). A similar pattern could be shown for milk, in which measurable residual levels are found in two out of five animals until the 72nd hour after treatment. Data obtained demonstrate that OTC administered as a solid form is poorly and slowly absorbed from the uterus of cows.(Paper

Minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antimicrobials against Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes of bovine uterine origin

“…Reproductive tract infections in early lactation are commonly treated with oxytetracycline (Azawi, 2008). Intrauterine treatment of oxytetracycline by infusion or solid form (i.e., pessaries) appears to result in a poor distribution to serum and milk (Bretzlaff et al, 1983;Roncada et al, 2000), suggesting that the therapeutic compound is retained within the lumen and endometrial tissue (Azawi, 2008). The mean concentrations of oxytetracycline in the endometrium as described in two 30-yr-old studies were approximately 23 μg/g after intrauterine infusion (Bretzlaff et al, 1983) and ≤4 μg/g after intramuscular injection (Masera et al, 1980).…”

A Study of Endometritis Causing Repeat Breeding of Cycling Iraqi Buffalo Cows

“…However, opinions on the efficiency of intrauterine therapies are controversial. It was postulated that intrauterine administration represents a useful therapy, especially in the treatment and prophylaxis of endometritis in the cow (Roncada et al. 2000).…”

“…2001). The direct intrauterine administration of oxytetracycline produces immediate therapeutic concentration in the caruncles and endometrium of both healthy and affected animal (Roncada et al. 2000; Shams‐Esfandabadi et al.…”

“…2000; Shams‐Esfandabadi et al. 2004), and because of its relatively low absorption into the blood stream (Roncada et al. 2000), the therapeutic action is largely confined to the uterine lumen and endometrium.…”

Diagnosis and therapy of retained fetal membranes, puerperal metritis and clinical endometritis in cattle: Results of the Online-survey among Swiss practitioners. II Puerperal metritis and clinical endometritis

“…Oxytetracyclin ist ein bakteriostatisches Breitband-Antibiotikum, dessen Wirksamkeit gegen gram-positive und gram-negative Bakterien dokumentiert ist (Bretzlaff, 1986;Königsson et al, 2001). Die direkte intrauterine Verabreichung von Oxytetracyclin produziert eine sofortige therapeutische Konzentration in den Karunkeln und im Endometrium von gesunden Kühen und Kühen mit Metritis (Roncada et al, 2000;Shams-Esfandabadi et al, 2004;Kaczmarowski et al, 2004). Allerdings zeigen andere klinische Studien, dass die intrauterine Antibiose (Oxytetracyclin oder Ampicillin) keinen Vorteil gegenüber der systemischen Verabreichung von Antibiotika (Ceftiofur oder Penicillin) aufweist (Smith et al, 1998;Drillich et al, 2003Drillich et al, , 2006b).…”