Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of oxytetracycline in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, at two water temperatures

Rigos, George; Alexis, M.N.; Andriopoulou, Argyro; Nengas, Ioannis

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(01)00868-7

Cited by 66 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Similarly, high concentrations of OTC have also been reported in gilthead sea bream skin and vertebrae (7.7 and 6.0 lg g )1 ), following multiple oral dosing (Malvisi et al, 1996). The elimination of OTC is strongly affected by water temperature in euryhaline fish (Rigos et al, 2002a), with longer elimination half-lives observed in sparid plasma (t 1/2b of 35-53 h at 19-20°C) (Rigos et al, 2003a(Rigos et al, , 2004b than in European sea bass (10 h at 22°C) following single oral dosing (Rigos et al, 2002a). The differences in the metabolism of OTC between sparids and European sea bass can be attributed to differences in their physiology (e.g., differences in hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activity).…”

Section: Wtsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, the chemical behavior and kinetic profiles of these two drugs in other food-producing animal species, has been shown to be very similar (EMEA, 1995a). The pharmacokinetics of OTC have been extensively investigated in experimental studies of euryhaline farmed fish species including European sea bass, gilthead sea bream and sharpsnout sea bream (Malvisi et al, 1996;Rigos et al, 2002aRigos et al, , 2003aRigos et al, , 2004a (Table 6). Incomplete absorption of the drug was observed in all euryhaline fish species tested (Rigos et al, 2003a2004a, b).…”

Section: Tetracyclinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

Rigos

Troisi

2005

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

120

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Section: Wtsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Tetracyclinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

Rigos

Troisi

2005

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

120

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“…It has been widely used for decades for the treatment of bacterial diseases in aquaculture, mainly due to its efficacy, low cost and high utility. Many studies have confirmed that OTC can be used to treat aquatic diseases, and it is now used worldwide (Anderson & Jeney 1992, Lunden et al 2002, Miranda & Zemelman 2002, Rigos et al 2002, Delepee & Pouliquen 2003, Delepee et al 2004, Reed et al 2004, Ueno et al 2004). The efficacy of OTC has been demonstrated by its ability to treat bacterial infections in fish and vibrioses and necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (NHP) in farmed shrimp (Reed et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of oxytetracycline for the treatment of tremor disease in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

Liang¹,

Feng²,

Gu³

et al. 2009

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The causative agent of tremor disease (TD) in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis has been shown to be a member of the genus Spiroplasma. In the present study, a susceptibility test indicated that oxytetracycline (OTC) has both a high degree of efficacy in the inhibition of Spiroplasma and a broad range of safe concentrations. Treatment experiments showed that the best concentration of OTC for use against TD was 40 mg OTC kg -1 crab weight. Acute toxicity experiments demonstrated that the 24 and 48 h median lethal dosages (LD 50 ) of OTC for this species of crab were 366 and 340 mg OTC kg -1 crab body weight, respectively, while the safe concentration was 82.5 mg OTC kg -1 crab weight. We suggest that OTC has potential as a highly effective inhibitor of Spiroplasma pathogens in aquatic animals and has been proven to be a potent, safe and low cost cure for TD. This represents a novel use of OTC in the therapeutic treatment of an aquacultural disease caused by a Spiroplasma pathogen.KEY WORDS: Oxytetracycline · Spiroplasma · Tremor disease · Acute toxicity · Chinese mitten crab · Eriocheir sinensis Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 84: [243][244][245][246][247][248][249][250] 2009 experiments . Similar results were obtained in subsequent studies (Zhang et al. 2002, Wang et al. 2003a. Subsequent isolation and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, which was the 'gold standard' of microbiological classification, confirmed the agent to be a spiroplasma (Wang et al. 2003b(Wang et al. , 2004a. This was the first spiroplasma to be found in aquatic crustaceans and it began to change our understanding of the host range of these organisms (Christensen et al. 2005, Regassa & Gasparich 2006). Koch's postulates were later fulfilled for the spiroplasma, providing definitive proof that this agent was the cause of TD (Wang et al. 2004a).As mentioned above, many scholars have studied TD since it became epidemic in the Chinese mitten crab (Pan 1998, Yang & Cai 1998, Wei 1999, Huang 2000, Shen et al. 2000. Although the TD pathogen had not been accurately characterized, different medical compounds were administered as therapies, but no efficient disease controls were found. In the present study we examined the susceptibility of spiroplasma to 8 different chemical compounds used in aquaculture: calcium oxide, niclosamide, deltamethrin, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, potassium permanganate, bromochlorodimethylhydantoin, Benzylpenicillin and oxytetracycline (OTC). Many antibacterial compounds have been tested in aquaculture systems, including calcium oxide and potassium permanganate for their chemotherapeutic control of ectoparasites (Saprolegnia, Trichodina, Myxobolus, Hemiclepsis, Argulus, and Posthodiplostomum) attached to cultured fish (Singhal et al. 1986). Niclosamide belongs to the anthelminthic family of medicines and has been used to treat broad or fish tapeworm, dwarf tapeworm and beef tapeworm infections (WHO 1984). The anthelminthic efficacy of niclosamid...

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“…Some references used more than one technique or one antibiotic a The description in the original source was inadequate to determine if some of these preparations were in liquid or in ointment form b Oxytetracycline powder was mixed with saline and injected into the coelom and some antibiotics are eliminated from the body by metabolism in the liver. Water temperature also strongly affects the metabolism and removal of oxytetracycline with increased temperatures causing a more rapid removal of the drug from fish (Rigos et al 2002). Species differences in elimination of antibiotics can also be important (Grondel et al 1989).…”

Section: Timing Of Antibiotic Application In Fish Surgeriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic use during the intracoelomic implantation of electronic tags into fish

Mulcahy

2010

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of oxytetracycline in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, at two water temperatures

Cited by 66 publications

References 25 publications

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

Use of oxytetracycline for the treatment of tremor disease in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

Antibiotic use during the intracoelomic implantation of electronic tags into fish

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