Pharmacokinetics and ventilatory effects of intravenous oxycodone in postoperative children [see comments]

Olkkola, Klaus T.; Hamunen, Katri; Seppαlä, Timo; Maunuksela, Eeva‐Liisa

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04324.x

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…42 The average terminal elimination half-life in 18 children aged 2-10 years was 1.8 ± 0.4 hours. 42 The usual pediatric dose is 0.05 to 0.15 mg/kg, up to 5 mg per dose, every 4 to 6 hours, as needed. 43 However, the safety and efficacy of CR oxycodone have not been established in children < 18 years of age.…”

Section: Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Pharmacokinetics of Oxycodone

Lugo

Kern

2005

J. Of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy

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Oxycodone is among the most commonly used opioid analgesics for the relief of moderate-to-severe pain and is pharmacodynamically comparable to morphine. Oxycodone is available in the United States in oral dosage forms and controlled-release tablets. Studies have demonstrated marked interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone. The pharmacokinetics of oral oxycodone differs from oral morphine in that it has a higher bioavailability, a slightly longer half-life, and is hepatically metabolized by cytochrome P450 rather than undergoing glucuronidation. Understanding oxycodone pharmacokinetics favors safe and effective use of this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and May 2004 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of oxycodone disposition including its absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, rectal administration, and intranasal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/excretion. Special populations, including children and those with liver/renal failure, have a unique oxycodone pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.

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Section: Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Pharmacokinetics of Oxycodone

Lugo

Kern

2005

J. Of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy

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“…General management includes multimodal analgesic therapy 44 with preference for regional techniques, 45,46 early ambulation postoperatively, 47 avoidance of sedatives, noninvasive ventilation with supplemental oxygen, 48,49 and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) for postoperative pain control. [51][52][53] The study by Ramachandran and colleagues identified critical respiratory events during parenteral analgesic therapy for acute postoperative pain. [51][52][53] The study by Ramachandran and colleagues identified critical respiratory events during parenteral analgesic therapy for acute postoperative pain.…”

Section: Strategies For Pain Managements In Obese Osa Patientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies in Postoperative Analgesia in the Obese Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patient

Porhomayon

Leissner²,

El-Solh³

et al. 2013

The Clinical Journal of Pain

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“…[60] In general, there is no evidence that oxycodone offers any advantage over morphine in adults or in children. Its role in pediatric palliative care, if any, remains unclear.…”

Section: Oxycodonementioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Opioids in Pediatric Palliative Medicine

et al. 2005

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The management of pain in the palliative care of children is somewhat different from that in adults. It also differs in approach from the management of other types of acute and chronic pain in childhood. Whereas once opioids were thought to be highly dangerous drugs, unsuitable for use in children, they have now taken their place as the mainstay for provision of good analgesia to manage moderate-to-severe pain in both malignant and non-malignant life-limiting conditions. There are relatively little clinical or laboratory data regarding opioids specifically in children. However, much of what has been published regarding the management of pain in palliative medicine in adults can be extrapolated. On saying that, early research in children does suggest some significant differences in opioid pharmacokinetics, particularly with respect to morphine clearance, which seems to be faster in adults. Thus, the use of opioids in pediatric palliative care presents some unique challenges. Confident and rational use of opioids by pediatricians, illustrated by the WHO guidelines, is essential for the adequate management of pain complicating the palliative phase in children with life-limiting conditions.

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Pharmacokinetics and ventilatory effects of intravenous oxycodone in postoperative children [see comments]

Cited by 57 publications

References 16 publications

The Pharmacokinetics of Oxycodone

The Pharmacokinetics of Oxycodone

Strategies in Postoperative Analgesia in the Obese Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patient

Strong Opioids in Pediatric Palliative Medicine

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