Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin following intravenous and intramuscular administration in Angora rabbits

Elmas, Muammer; Üney, Kamil; Yazar, Enver; Karabacak, Ayse; Traş, Bünyamin

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.06.008

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The PK and residue of ENR in the serum of goats, pigs, calves, horses, sheep, and broilers have already been investigated in previous reports (Kaartinen et al, 1995; Giguère et al, 1996; Mckellar et al, 1997, 1999; Anadón et al, 1999; Elmas et al, 2001; Sang et al, 2015; Haag et al, 2016). However, most ENR products were difficult to feed in forage or water because of poor palatability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

et al. 2017

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A new, more palatable formulation of 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules was investigated to evaluate the pharmacokinetic effect in plasma, the residue elimination in tissues and the clinical efficacy against Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) and Mycoplasam suis (MS) in pigs. In this study, the enrofloxacin concentrations in plasma and tissues were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography with phosphate buffer (pH = 3) and acetonitrile. The pharmacokinetics and elimination of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules were performed after oral administration at a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw) and 5 mg/kg twice per day for 5 consecutive days, respectively. The in vivo antibacterial efficacy and clinical effectiveness of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS were assayed at 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, compared with tiamulin (8 mg/kg) based on establishment of APP and MS infection models. 56 APP strains were selected and tested for in vitro antibacterial activity of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules. The main parameters of elimination half-life (t1/2β), Tmax, and area under the curve (AUC) were 14.99 ± 4.19, 3.99 ± 0.10, and 38.93 ± 1.52 μg h/ml, respectively, revealing that the enrofloxacin concentration remained high and with a sustainable distribution in plasma. Moreover, the analysis on the evaluation of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in muscle, fat, liver and kidney showed that the recovery were more than 84% recovery in accordance with the veterinary drug residue guidelines of United States pharmacopeia, and the withdrawal periods were 4.28, 3.81, 4.84, and 3.51 days, respectively, suggesting that the withdrawal period was 5 d after oral administration of 5 mg/kg twice per day. The optimal dosage of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS was 5 mg/kg, with over 90% efficacy, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) to the 2.5 mg/kg group, but not to the 10 mg/kg group or the positive control group (tiamulin). In conclusion, 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules had significant potential for treating APP and MS, and it provided an alternative enrofloxacin palatability formulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

et al. 2017

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“…The pharmacokinetics of several fluoroquinolones have been previously reported in rabbits, including enrofloxacin (Broome, Brooks, Babish, Copeland, & Conzelman, ; Cabanes, Arboix, Garcia Anton, & Reig, ; Elmas, Üney, Yazar, Karabacak, & Tras, ), ofloxacin (Marangos, Zhu, Nicolau, Klepser, & Nightingale, ), difloxacin (Abd El‐Aty, Goudah, Ismail, & Shimoda, ; Fernández‐Varón et al., ), moxifloxacin (Fernández‐Varón et al., ), ibafloxacin (Marín, Cárceles, Escudero, Bermejo, & Fernández‐Varón, ), marbofloxacin (Marín et al., ), danofloxacin (Fernández‐Varón, Marín, Escudero, Vancraeynest, & Cárceles, ) and orbifloxacin (Marín, Fernández‐Varón, Escudero, Vancraeynest, & Cárceles, ). In contrast, kinetic data for norfloxacin in rabbits have been published only after i.v.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to rabbits

Marı́n

García-Martínez

Hernandis

et al. 2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The disposition kinetics of norfloxacin, after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration was determined in rabbits at a single dose of 10 mg/kg. Six New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes were treated with aqueous solution of norfloxacin (2%). A cross-over design was used in three phases (2 × 2 × 2), with two washout periods of 15 days. Plasma samples were collected up to 72 hr after treatment, snapfrozen at −45°C and analysed for norfloxacin concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography. The terminal half-life for i.v., i.m. and s.c. routes was 3.18, 4.90 and 4.16 hr, respectively. Clearance value after i.v. dosing was 0.80 L/h·kg. After i.m. administration, the absolute bioavailability was (mean ± SD) 108.25 ± 12.98% and the C max was 3.68 mg/L. After s.c. administration, the absolute bioavailability was (mean ± SD) 84.08 ± 10.36% and the C max was 4.28 mg/L. As general adverse reactions were not observed in any rabbit and favourable pharmacokinetics were found, norfloxacin at 10 mg/kg after i.m. and s.c. dose could be effective in rabbits against micro-organisms with MIC ≤0.14 or 0.11 μg/mL, respectively.

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“…It was reported EF reached mean peak plasma concentration in 25 and 24.7 min in Angora rabbits and greater rheas after i.m. administration, respectively (De Lucas et al., ; Elmas, Uney, Yazar, Karabacak, & Traş, ). In Atlantic salmon and red pacu plasma, T max for EF i.m.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of enrofloxacin after single intramuscular injection in Pacific white shrimp

Fang

Zhou

Liu

2017

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin following intravenous and intramuscular administration in Angora rabbits

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

Pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to rabbits

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of enrofloxacin after single intramuscular injection in Pacific white shrimp

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